Do older adults make more risky decisions in the Hungry Donkey Task or in the Iowa Gambling Task?

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-12 DOI:10.1080/13825585.2022.2134549

Alessia Rosi

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Abstract

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Hungry Donkey Task (HDT) are well-known tasks employed to assess decisions under ambiguity. Although the two tasks are equal in terms of wins and losses, they differ in terms of the recipient: while in the IGT participants make decisions for themselves, in the HDT decisions are made to help a hungry donkey. Decisions for themselves versus another one in a situation of ambiguity are particularly important in the field of aging because of older adults' changes in motivational and other-oriented behavior. The present study aimed to test whether older adults make different decisions under ambiguity for themselves than for another one (i.e., the hungry donkey) as compared to younger adults. Forty-five young adults (M = 23.31; SD = 1.58) and 45 older adults (M = 72.47; SD = 5.49) performed the IGT and the HDT. In addition, participants performed tasks on working memory, set-shifting, and inhibition. Results showed age-related differences in the HDT but not in the IGT. Older adults, compared to younger adults, made disadvantageous decisions to help the hungry donkey as compared to themselves. Interestingly, this pattern of results is not explained by the age-related decline in cognitive functioning. The findings seem to suggest that older adults' decisions made under the condition of ambiguity are affected by motivational and emotional changes associated with aging.

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在 "饿驴任务 "和 "爱荷华赌博任务 "中，老年人会做出更冒险的决定吗？

爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）和饿驴任务（HDT）是著名的任务，用于评估在模糊条件下的决策。虽然这两项任务在输赢方面相同，但在接受者方面却有所不同：在爱荷华赌博任务中，参与者是为自己做决定，而在饥饿驴任务中，参与者是为了帮助一头饥饿的驴子而做决定。在模棱两可的情况下，为自己做决定与为他人做决定在老龄化领域尤为重要，因为老年人的动机和面向他人的行为会发生变化。本研究旨在测试老年人在模棱两可的情况下为自己做决定与为他人（即饥饿的驴）做决定是否有别于年轻人。45 名年轻人（中位数 = 23.31；标准差 = 1.58）和 45 名老年人（中位数 = 72.47；标准差 = 5.49）进行了 IGT 和 HDT 测试。此外，参与者还完成了工作记忆、集合转换和抑制等任务。结果表明，HDT 与年龄有关，但 IGT 与年龄无关。与年轻人相比，老年人在决定帮助饥饿的驴子时与自己相比处于劣势。有趣的是，与年龄相关的认知功能下降并不能解释这种结果模式。研究结果似乎表明，老年人在模棱两可的条件下做出的决定会受到与衰老相关的动机和情绪变化的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.