Patrick Salwierz, Carly Davenport, Vishaal Sumra, M Florencia Iulita, Maria Teresa Ferretti, Maria Carmela Tartaglia
{"title":"Sex and gender differences in dementia.","authors":"Patrick Salwierz, Carly Davenport, Vishaal Sumra, M Florencia Iulita, Maria Teresa Ferretti, Maria Carmela Tartaglia","doi":"10.1016/bs.irn.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dementia landscape has undergone a striking paradigm shift. The advances in understanding of neurodegeneration and proteinopathies has changed our approach to patients with cognitive impairment. Firstly, it has recently been shown that the various proteinopathies that are the cause of the dementia begin to build up long before the appearance of any obvious symptoms. This has cemented the idea that there is an urgency in diagnosis as it occurs very late in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Secondly, that accurate diagnosis is required to deliver targeted therapies, that is precision medicine. With this latter point, the realization that various factors of a person need to be considered as they may impact the presentation and progression of disease has risen to the forefront. Two of these factors aside from race and age are biological sex and gender (social construct), as both can have tremendous impact on manifestation of disease. This chapter will cover what is known and remains to be known on the interaction of sex and gender with some of the major causes of dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14468,"journal":{"name":"International review of neurobiology","volume":"164 ","pages":"179-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International review of neurobiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2022.07.002","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/8/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
The dementia landscape has undergone a striking paradigm shift. The advances in understanding of neurodegeneration and proteinopathies has changed our approach to patients with cognitive impairment. Firstly, it has recently been shown that the various proteinopathies that are the cause of the dementia begin to build up long before the appearance of any obvious symptoms. This has cemented the idea that there is an urgency in diagnosis as it occurs very late in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Secondly, that accurate diagnosis is required to deliver targeted therapies, that is precision medicine. With this latter point, the realization that various factors of a person need to be considered as they may impact the presentation and progression of disease has risen to the forefront. Two of these factors aside from race and age are biological sex and gender (social construct), as both can have tremendous impact on manifestation of disease. This chapter will cover what is known and remains to be known on the interaction of sex and gender with some of the major causes of dementia.
期刊介绍:
Published since 1959, International Review of Neurobiology is a well-established series appealing to neuroscientists, clinicians, psychologists, physiologists and pharmacologists. Led by an internationally renowned editorial board, this important serial publishes both eclectic volumes made up of timely reviews and thematic volumes that focus on recent progress in a specific area of neurobiology research.