[Investigation of morphogenesis of inflorescence and determination of the nature of inheritance of "supernumerary spikelets" trait of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutant line].

Abstract

Using C-banding and FISH methods, the karyotype of MC1611 induced mutant of bread wheat, which develop additional spikelets at a rachis node (trait "supernumerary spikelets") was characterized. It was determined that the mutant phenotype is not associated with aneuploidy and major chromosomal rearrangements. The results of genetic analysis showed that supernumerary spikelets of the line are caused by a mutation of the single bh-D. 1 gene, influenced by the genetic background. The mutation causes abnormalities of inflorescence morphogenesis associated with the development of ectopic spikelet meristems in place of floral meristems in the basal part of the spikelets, causing the appearance of additional spikes at a rachis node. The mutant phenotype suggests that the Bh-D gene determines the fate of the lateral meristem in ear, which develops as floral meristem and gives rise to floral organs in wild-type inflorescences. In the Bh-D. 1 mutant, the establishing identity is impaired. The characterized mutant can be used in further studies on molecular genetic basis of development of wheat inflorescence.