Hypertension control and other cardiovascular risk factors among diabetic patients at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania.

Abstract

Background: Hypertension among diabetics is a well recognized cardiovascular risk factor. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of hypertension, its control and the prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors among diabetic patients.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled 150 adult diabetics. Their age, sex weight, height, blood pressure, fasting capillary blood glucose, lipid and renal profiles, hypertension and diabetes therapy were ascertained.

Results: Hypertension prevalence was 54.7%. Treatment and control rates of hypertension were 81.7% and 34% respectively. Hypertensive patients were older, more overweight/obese, had a longer duration of diabetes and elevated serum creatinine. The prevalence of Dyslipidemia, overweight and obesity were 88%, 48.7% and 18.7% respectively. Poor diabetes control was observed in 76.7% of patients. Cigarette smoking was uncommon.

Conclusion: Hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and obesity are prevalent among our diabetic patients. Both hypertension and glycemia were poorly controlled. Addressing individuals' global cardiovascular risk profiles is vital in diabetics.