[Cognitive reserve and neuronal changes associated with aging].

Sylvia Villeneuve, Sylvie Belleville
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

The severity of brain lesions is not a perfect predictor of the severity of cognitive deficits in age-related brain disorders, an observation which has led to the cognitive reserve hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, cognitive reserve modulates the relationship between cerebral lesions and their clinical manifestations by limiting the negative impact of cerebral lesions on cognition. Thus, individuals with high cognitive reserve could sustain a greater amount of neuropathological lesions before they reach the criteria for dementia. The goal of this review is to present and discuss the notion of cognitive reserve, a hypothesis that brings a novel perspective to the complexity of normal and pathological cognitive aging. The present article describes the neuronal mechanisms proposed to underlie cognitive reserve and the factors that increase and decrease reserve. In addition, influent studies that have measured the cognitive reserve hypothesis in clinical populations are presented.

[与衰老相关的认知储备和神经元变化]。
脑损伤的严重程度并不能完美地预测与年龄相关的脑部疾病中认知缺陷的严重程度,这一观察结果导致了认知储备假说。根据这一假说,认知储备通过限制脑病变对认知的负面影响来调节脑病变与其临床表现之间的关系。因此,具有高认知储备的个体在达到痴呆标准之前可以承受更多的神经病理病变。这篇综述的目的是提出和讨论认知储备的概念,这一假设为正常和病理认知衰老的复杂性带来了新的视角。本文介绍了认知储备的神经元机制,以及增加和减少认知储备的因素。此外,还提出了在临床人群中测量认知储备假说的影响研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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