Giving up instincts in psychology -- or not?

Abstract

In this paper I argue that while McDougall's theory of instincts is widely regarded as having been discarded by mid-1920's psychologists, it in fact continued to be influential in the work of some later psychologists. A case-study is presented which analyzes the development of E.C. Tolman's concept of "demand" (purpose, determining adjustment, instinct) out of McDougall's earlier notion of "instinct".