[Alzheimer and Alzheimer's disease: the present enlighted by the past. An historical approach].

Christian Derouesné
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引用次数: 14

Abstract

The history of Alzheimer's disease cannot be dissociated from that of the concept of dementia, as well as from the life and work of Alois Alzheimer. In his seminal paper, in 1907, Alzheimer thought to have shown a specific disease distinct from senile dementia. However, following the work of Fischer, Perusini, Kraepelin and Alzheimer himself, in 1911, the specificity of the pathological process with regard to that of senile dementia was questioned. Therefore, Alzheimer's disease was for long considered as related to senium praecox. Neuropathological then genetic data, mainly the description of monogenic forms, have demonstrated the reality of a specific pathological process involving the amyloid protein metabolism. Then, senile dementia became the most frequent form of Alzheimer's disease. However, Alzheimer's disease could hardly be considered as a natural entity and, particularly in the common forms, many points remained to be clarified such as the relationship between the amyloid process and that of aging, the significance of histopathological lesions and their relationship with the clinical symptoms. Beyond the description of the disease termed by his name, Alzheimer's work played a major role in the individualization of arteriosclerotic dementia from general palsy, and in the distinction between vascular and degenerative dementia. Moreover, he first described the histopathological lesions of Pick's disease.

阿尔茨海默病和阿尔茨海默病:过去给我们的启示。历史的方法]。
阿尔茨海默病的历史离不开痴呆症的概念,也离不开阿洛伊斯·阿尔茨海默的生活和工作。在他1907年发表的开创性论文中,阿尔茨海默认为他展示了一种不同于老年性痴呆的特殊疾病。然而,在1911年Fischer、Perusini、Kraepelin和Alzheimer本人的研究之后,老年性痴呆的病理过程的特异性受到了质疑。因此,阿尔茨海默病长期以来被认为与早老性痴呆有关。神经病理学和遗传学数据,主要是对单基因形式的描述,已经证明了涉及淀粉样蛋白代谢的特定病理过程的现实。然后,老年性痴呆成为阿尔茨海默病最常见的形式。然而,阿尔茨海默病很难被认为是一个自然的实体,特别是在常见的形式中,淀粉样蛋白过程与衰老的关系,组织病理学病变的意义及其与临床症状的关系等许多问题仍有待澄清。除了对以他的名字命名的疾病的描述之外,阿尔茨海默氏症的研究在将动脉硬化性痴呆从全身麻痹个体化以及区分血管性痴呆和退行性痴呆方面发挥了重要作用。此外,他还首次描述了匹克病的组织病理学病变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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