Mammary development, carcinomas and progesterone: role of Wnt signalling.

R Lamb, H Harrison, R B Clarke
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Abstract

The mammary gland begins development during embryogenesis but after exposure to hormonal changes during puberty and pregnancy undergoes extensive further development. Hormonal changes are key regulators in the cycles of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and remodelling associated with pregnancy, lactation and involution following weaning. These developmental processes within the breast epithelium can be explained by the presence of a long-lived population of tissue-specific stem cells. The longevity of these stem cells makes them susceptible to accumulating genetic change and consequent transformation. The ovarian steroid progesterone, acting via the secreted factor Wnt4, is known to be essential for side branching of the mammary gland. One function of Wnt proteins is self-renewal of adult tissue stem cells, suggesting that progesterone may exert its effects within the breast, at least partly, by regulating the mammary stem cell population.

乳腺发育、癌症和黄体酮:Wnt信号的作用。
乳腺在胚胎发生期间开始发育,但在青春期和怀孕期间暴露于激素变化后,经历了广泛的进一步发育。激素变化是与妊娠、哺乳和断奶后复归相关的增殖、分化、凋亡和重塑周期的关键调节因子。乳腺上皮内的这些发育过程可以通过存在一个长寿的组织特异性干细胞群来解释。这些干细胞的寿命使它们易于积累遗传变化和随后的转化。卵巢类固醇黄体酮通过分泌因子Wnt4起作用,已知对乳腺侧分支至关重要。Wnt蛋白的一个功能是成体组织干细胞的自我更新,这表明黄体酮可能在乳房内发挥作用,至少部分是通过调节乳腺干细胞群来发挥作用的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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