Nanomaterials as fuel additives in diesel engines: A review of current state, opportunities, and challenges

IF 32 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100897

Tina Kegl , Anita Kovač Kralj , Breda Kegl , Marko Kegl

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引用次数: 62

Abstract

Nanomaterials exhibit excellent properties, allowing them to act as fuel additives to improve diesel engine characteristics. This review highlights the unique potentials of nanomaterials and their activities in diesel engines to achieve lower harmful diesel emissions and better engine performance. The effects of nanomaterial-enriched fuels on engine characteristics and engine subsystems as well as associated opportunities, identified from laboratory test results obtained in recent years, are discussed. On the basis of two criteria, the best nanomaterial-base fuel pairs are identified from the set of the most frequently tested nanomaterials engaged as fuel additives in diesel engines. This is followed by a review of technical challenges that will need to be addressed and resolved to assure practical viability of nanomaterials acting as fuel additives. Finally, the environmental and human health risks, exposed by investigations in recent years, are reviewed. Wherever possible, potential solutions to outstanding problems are addressed and discussed briefly.

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纳米材料作为柴油发动机燃料添加剂:现状、机遇和挑战的综述

纳米材料表现出优异的性能，使它们能够作为燃料添加剂来改善柴油发动机的特性。这篇综述强调了纳米材料及其在柴油发动机中的独特潜力，以实现更低的有害柴油排放和更好的发动机性能。从近年来获得的实验室测试结果中确定了纳米材料富集燃料对发动机特性和发动机子系统以及相关机会的影响，并进行了讨论。在两个标准的基础上，从测试频率最高的柴油发动机燃料添加剂纳米材料中确定了最佳的纳米材料基燃料对。接下来是对需要解决和解决的技术挑战的回顾，以确保纳米材料作为燃料添加剂的实际可行性。最后，综述了近年来调查暴露的环境和人类健康风险。在可能的情况下，对突出问题的潜在解决方案进行简短的讨论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

59.30

自引率

0.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Progress in Energy and Combustion Science (PECS) publishes review articles covering all aspects of energy and combustion science. These articles offer a comprehensive, in-depth overview, evaluation, and discussion of specific topics. Given the importance of climate change and energy conservation, efficient combustion of fossil fuels and the development of sustainable energy systems are emphasized. Environmental protection requires limiting pollutants, including greenhouse gases, emitted from combustion and other energy-intensive systems. Additionally, combustion plays a vital role in process technology and materials science. PECS features articles authored by internationally recognized experts in combustion, flames, fuel science and technology, and sustainable energy solutions. Each volume includes specially commissioned review articles providing orderly and concise surveys and scientific discussions on various aspects of combustion and energy. While not overly lengthy, these articles allow authors to thoroughly and comprehensively explore their subjects. They serve as valuable resources for researchers seeking knowledge beyond their own fields and for students and engineers in government and industrial research seeking comprehensive reviews and practical solutions.