Mycobacterium avium: an Emerging Pathogen for Dog Breeds with Hereditary Immunodeficiencies.

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-18 DOI:10.1007/s40588-020-00145-5

Giovanni Ghielmetti, Urs Giger

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引用次数: 16

Abstract

Purpose of review: Among the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the leading cause of pulmonary disease in humans. Innate and acquired immunodeficiencies have been associated with an increased host susceptibility to NTM infections. The underlying mechanisms predisposing humans and dogs to MAC infections is being elucidated.

Recent findings: Although MAC infection is infrequently diagnosed in dogs, a strong breed predisposition particularly for Miniature Schnauzer and Basset Hound dogs is evident. A recessively inherited defect of the adaptor protein CARD9 has recently been documented to be responsible for the increased susceptibility to MAC in the Miniature Schnauzer breed.

Summary: Given the zoonotic potential of a MAC infected dog particularly to immunocompromised human patients, diseased dogs pose a public health risk. While not a reportable disease, treatment of systemic mycobacteriosis is generally not effective and discouraged in dogs. The collaborative efforts by microbiologists, veterinary clinicians, dog breeders, primary care physicians, and infectious disease specialists applying the One Health approach is therefore crucial for the best management and prevention of MAC infection.

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鸟分枝杆菌:一种遗传性免疫缺陷犬种的新兴病原体。

综述目的:在非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)中，鸟分枝杆菌复合体(MAC)是人类肺部疾病的主要原因。先天和获得性免疫缺陷与宿主对NTM感染的易感性增加有关。人类和狗易患MAC感染的潜在机制正在阐明。最近的研究发现:尽管MAC感染在狗身上很少被诊断出来，但明显的是，小型雪纳瑞和巴吉特猎犬的品种易感性很强。最近有文献证明，适配器蛋白CARD9的隐性遗传缺陷是微型雪纳瑞品种对MAC易感性增加的原因。摘要:鉴于感染MAC的狗具有人畜共患的可能性，特别是对免疫功能低下的人类患者，患病的狗构成公共卫生风险。虽然不是一种可报告的疾病，但全身性分枝杆菌病的治疗通常无效，不鼓励在狗身上进行。因此，微生物学家、兽医临床医生、狗饲养员、初级保健医生和传染病专家应用“同一个健康”方法的合作努力对于最佳管理和预防MAC感染至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Clinical Microbiology Reports MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.