Mohammad Nosrati-Oskouie, Golaleh Asghari, Emad Yuzbashian, Nazanin Sadat Aghili-Moghaddam, Maryam Zarkesh, Mohammad Safarian, Parvin Mirmiran
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引用次数: 4
Abstract
Background: Omentin is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects that can play a protective role against cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim was to systematically review and summarize the existing evidence on the association between overall dietary intake and omentin gene expression and circulation.
Summary: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to September 2019. Of the 1,940 retrieved articles, 20 relevant studies were included, 6 of which were observational, 11 were clinical trials in humans, and 3 were animal studies. Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had a high risk of bias (RoB), 1 had "some concerns", and 2 had a low RoB. Among the nonrandomized studies with comparators, 4 had a serious RoB and 2 had a moderate RoB. In the experimental animal studies with a moderate RoB, conflicting results for omentin serum concentration were found for high-fat and low-fat diets. A high-fat diet (HFD) was shown to reduce omentin gene expression in one animal study. In the observational studies, omentin serum concentration was reduced by Ramadan fasting and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake, and an increase in omentin gene expression was observed with monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake. There was no association of dietary inflammatory index (DII), macronutrient intake, or total calorie intake with omentin plasma concentrations. In the human interventional studies, omentin plasma concentration increased with a long-term low-calorie, low-fat diet (LFD), and no change was seen with a HFD or a short-term low-calorie diet (LCD). Key Messages: It seems that a long-term diet with a lower fat content and a balanced distribution of fatty acids, i.e., a higher MUFA and lower SFA intake, may effectively increase omentin plasma concentration, possibly via improved insulin resistance and reduced inflammation, but more research is needed to confirm or refute this.
背景:大网膜蛋白是一种具有抗炎和胰岛素增敏作用的脂肪因子,对心血管疾病和糖尿病具有保护作用。目的是系统地回顾和总结现有的关于总膳食摄入量与网膜基因表达和循环之间关系的证据。摘要:截至2019年9月,在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science中进行了文献检索。在1940篇检索到的文章中,纳入了20项相关研究,其中6项是观察性研究,11项是人体临床试验,3项是动物研究。4项随机对照试验(RCTs)具有高偏倚风险(RoB), 1项有“一些担忧”,2项具有低RoB。在有比较者的非随机研究中,4例有严重的RoB, 2例有中度的RoB。在适度罗布的实验动物研究中,高脂和低脂饮食对网膜血清浓度的影响结果相互矛盾。在一项动物研究中,高脂肪饮食(HFD)被证明可以降低网膜基因表达。在观察性研究中,斋月禁食和摄入饱和脂肪酸(SFA)可降低血清大网膜蛋白浓度,摄入单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)可增加大网膜蛋白基因表达。饮食炎症指数(DII)、常量营养素摄入或总热量摄入与大网膜血浆浓度没有关联。在人体介入性研究中,长期低热量、低脂肪饮食(LFD)会增加大网膜血药浓度,而长期低热量饮食(HFD)或短期低热量饮食(LCD)没有变化。关键信息:长期的低脂肪饮食和均衡的脂肪酸分布,即高MUFA和低SFA的摄入,可能通过改善胰岛素抵抗和减少炎症,有效地增加网膜血浆浓度,但需要更多的研究来证实或反驳这一点。
期刊介绍:
Lifestyle Genomics aims to provide a forum for highlighting new advances in the broad area of lifestyle-gene interactions and their influence on health and disease. The journal welcomes novel contributions that investigate how genetics may influence a person’s response to lifestyle factors, such as diet and nutrition, natural health products, physical activity, and sleep, amongst others. Additionally, contributions examining how lifestyle factors influence the expression/abundance of genes, proteins and metabolites in cell and animal models as well as in humans are also of interest. The journal will publish high-quality original research papers, brief research communications, reviews outlining timely advances in the field, and brief research methods pertaining to lifestyle genomics. It will also include a unique section under the heading “Market Place” presenting articles of companies active in the area of lifestyle genomics. Research articles will undergo rigorous scientific as well as statistical/bioinformatic review to ensure excellence.