{"title":"Biochar produced from the straw of common crops simultaneously stabilizes soil organic matter and heavy metals","authors":"Mengyuan Liu, Jun Zhu, Xin Yang, Qingling Fu, Hongqing Hu, Qiaoyun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154494","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The simultaneous stabilization of heavy metals and organic matter in polluted soil has received little research attention. In this study, we studied the immobilization of Cu and Cd and the mineralization of organic matter in the acidic soil amended with biochar produced from rice, wheat, corn, and rape straws through incubation experiments. Compared with that in the control treatment, the availability of Cu and Cd in the biochar amended soils decreased by 17–31% and 3–17%, respectively. The cumulative amount of CO<sub>2</sub> released from each treatment in 60 days of incubation followed the order: control treatment (399 mg CO<sub>2</sub>-C kg<sup>−1</sup>) > rape straw biochar treatment (388 mg CO<sub>2</sub>-C kg<sup>−1</sup>) > rice straw biochar treatment (374 mg CO<sub>2</sub>-C kg<sup>−1</sup>) > corn straw biochar treatment (355 mg CO<sub>2</sub>-C kg<sup>−1</sup>) > wheat straw biochar treatment (288 mg CO<sub>2</sub>-C kg<sup>−1</sup>). The information implied that biochar produced from the straw of common crops can simultaneously stabilize both heavy metals and organic matter in the acidic soil. The transformation of Cu and Cd from acid soluble fraction to residual fraction was the potential mechanism of biochar in facilitating soil heavy metal immobilization. The significant decrease in soil β-glucosidase activity, which controlled the degradation of soil organic matter, was an important potential pathway of biochar in decreasing soil organic matter mineralization. A significant decrease in the content and a substantial increase in the structural complexity of soil dissolved organic matter could further the decrease of wheat straw biochar in soil organic matter mineralization. Thus, biochar produced from the straw of common crops is a promising amendment for simultaneously stabilizing both heavy metals and organic matter in the acidic soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"828 ","pages":"Article 154494"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"15","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Science of the Total Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972201587X","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Abstract
The simultaneous stabilization of heavy metals and organic matter in polluted soil has received little research attention. In this study, we studied the immobilization of Cu and Cd and the mineralization of organic matter in the acidic soil amended with biochar produced from rice, wheat, corn, and rape straws through incubation experiments. Compared with that in the control treatment, the availability of Cu and Cd in the biochar amended soils decreased by 17–31% and 3–17%, respectively. The cumulative amount of CO2 released from each treatment in 60 days of incubation followed the order: control treatment (399 mg CO2-C kg−1) > rape straw biochar treatment (388 mg CO2-C kg−1) > rice straw biochar treatment (374 mg CO2-C kg−1) > corn straw biochar treatment (355 mg CO2-C kg−1) > wheat straw biochar treatment (288 mg CO2-C kg−1). The information implied that biochar produced from the straw of common crops can simultaneously stabilize both heavy metals and organic matter in the acidic soil. The transformation of Cu and Cd from acid soluble fraction to residual fraction was the potential mechanism of biochar in facilitating soil heavy metal immobilization. The significant decrease in soil β-glucosidase activity, which controlled the degradation of soil organic matter, was an important potential pathway of biochar in decreasing soil organic matter mineralization. A significant decrease in the content and a substantial increase in the structural complexity of soil dissolved organic matter could further the decrease of wheat straw biochar in soil organic matter mineralization. Thus, biochar produced from the straw of common crops is a promising amendment for simultaneously stabilizing both heavy metals and organic matter in the acidic soil.
期刊介绍：
The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere.
The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.
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