What fuel properties enable higher thermal efficiency in spark-ignited engines?

IF 32 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100876

James P. Szybist , Stephen Busch , Robert L. McCormick , Josh A. Pihl , Derek A. Splitter , Matthew A. Ratcliff , Christopher P. Kolodziej , John M.E. Storey , Melanie Moses-DeBusk , David Vuilleumier , Magnus Sjöberg , C. Scott Sluder , Toby Rockstroh , Paul Miles

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引用次数: 96

Abstract

The Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines (Co-Optima) initiative from the US Department of Energy aims to co-develop fuels and engines in an effort to maximize energy efficiency and the utilization of renewable fuels. Many of these renewable fuel options have fuel chemistries that are different from those of petroleum-derived fuels. Because practical market fuels need to meet specific fuel-property requirements, a chemistry-agnostic approach to assessing the potential benefits of candidate fuels was developed using the Central Fuel Property Hypothesis (CFPH). The CFPH states that fuel properties are predictive of the performance of the fuel, regardless of the fuel's chemical composition. In order to use this hypothesis to assess the potential of fuel candidates to increase efficiency in spark-ignition (SI) engines, the individual contributions towards efficiency potential in an optimized engine must be quantified in a way that allows the individual fuel properties to be traded off for one another. This review article begins by providing an overview of the historical linkages between fuel properties and engine efficiency, including the two dominant pathways currently being used by vehicle manufacturers to reduce fuel consumption. Then, a thermodynamic-based assessment to quantify how six individual fuel properties can affect efficiency in SI engines is performed: research octane number, octane sensitivity, latent heat of vaporization, laminar flame speed, particulate matter index, and catalyst light-off temperature. The relative effects of each of these fuel properties is combined into a unified merit function that is capable of assessing the fuel property-based efficiency potential of fuels with conventional and unconventional compositions.

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什么燃料特性能使火花点火发动机的热效率更高?

美国能源部发起的燃料和发动机联合优化(Co-Optima)计划旨在共同开发燃料和发动机，以最大限度地提高能源效率和可再生燃料的利用率。许多可再生燃料的化学成分与石油衍生燃料不同。由于实际市场上的燃料需要满足特定的燃料性能要求，因此采用中心燃料性能假设(CFPH)开发了一种化学不可知的方法来评估候选燃料的潜在效益。CFPH指出，无论燃料的化学成分如何，燃料特性都可以预测燃料的性能。为了使用这一假设来评估候选燃料提高火花点火(SI)发动机效率的潜力，必须以一种允许单个燃料特性相互权衡的方式来量化优化发动机中对效率潜力的个人贡献。这篇综述文章首先概述了燃料性能和发动机效率之间的历史联系，包括汽车制造商目前使用的两种主要途径来降低燃料消耗。然后，进行了一项基于热力学的评估，以量化六种燃料特性如何影响SI发动机的效率:研究辛烷值、辛烷值敏感性、汽化潜热、层流火焰速度、颗粒物指数和催化剂点燃温度。每一种燃料特性的相对影响被组合成一个统一的优点函数，能够评估传统和非常规成分燃料基于燃料特性的效率潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

59.30

自引率

0.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Progress in Energy and Combustion Science (PECS) publishes review articles covering all aspects of energy and combustion science. These articles offer a comprehensive, in-depth overview, evaluation, and discussion of specific topics. Given the importance of climate change and energy conservation, efficient combustion of fossil fuels and the development of sustainable energy systems are emphasized. Environmental protection requires limiting pollutants, including greenhouse gases, emitted from combustion and other energy-intensive systems. Additionally, combustion plays a vital role in process technology and materials science. PECS features articles authored by internationally recognized experts in combustion, flames, fuel science and technology, and sustainable energy solutions. Each volume includes specially commissioned review articles providing orderly and concise surveys and scientific discussions on various aspects of combustion and energy. While not overly lengthy, these articles allow authors to thoroughly and comprehensively explore their subjects. They serve as valuable resources for researchers seeking knowledge beyond their own fields and for students and engineers in government and industrial research seeking comprehensive reviews and practical solutions.