Conserved synteny between the chicken Z sex chromosome and human chromosome 9 includes the male regulatory gene DMRT1: a comparative (re)view on avian sex determination.

Cytogenetics and cell genetics Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI:10.1159/000015567

I Nanda, E Zend-Ajusch, Z Shan, F Grützner, M Schartl, D W Burt, M Koehler, V M Fowler, G Goodwin, W J Schneider, S Mizuno, G Dechant, T Haaf, M Schmid

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引用次数: 178

Abstract

Sex-determination mechanisms in birds and mammals evolved independently for more than 300 million years. Unlike mammals, sex determination in birds operates through a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system, in which the female is the heterogametic sex. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Comparative gene mapping revealed that several genes on human chromosome 9 (HSA 9) have homologs on the chicken Z chromosome (GGA Z), indicating the common ancestry of large parts of GGA Z and HSA 9. Based on chromosome homology maps, we isolated a Z-linked chicken ortholog of DMRT1, which has been implicated in XY sex reversal in humans. Its location on the avian Z and within the sex-reversal region on HSA 9p suggests that DMRT1 represents an ancestral dosage-sensitive gene for vertebrate sex-determination. Z dosage may be crucial for male sexual differentiation/determination in birds.

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鸡Z性染色体与人类9号染色体的保守同源性包括雄性调控基因DMRT1:鸟类性别决定的比较(再)观点。

鸟类和哺乳动物的性别决定机制独立进化了3亿多年。与哺乳动物不同，鸟类的性别决定是通过ZZ/ZW性染色体系统进行的，其中雌性是异种交配的性别。然而，其分子机制仍有待阐明。人类9号染色体(HSA 9)上的多个基因在鸡Z染色体(GGA Z)上有同源基因，表明GGA Z与HSA 9有很大一部分共同祖先。基于染色体同源图谱，我们分离出了DMRT1的z连锁鸡同源基因，该基因与人类的XY性别逆转有关。DMRT1位于禽Z型和HSA 9p的性别反转区，这表明DMRT1是一种古老的剂量敏感基因，用于脊椎动物的性别决定。Z剂量可能对鸟类雄性性别分化/决定至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Cytogenetics and cell genetics

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