Ground water in Nigerian urban centres: problems and options.

M K Sridhar
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Abstract

Results of a groundwater study in Nigeria in some of the major cities in the southern part, Lagos, Ibadan; in the eastern part, Warri, Benin, and Aba, and in northern part, Kano and Jos indicates that the quality of waters fell far below the WHO recommended levels for some of the quality parameters. The levels of nitrate, lead and coliform index were particularly far above the WHO limits, and some of the waters have higher levels of iron with low pH values. The quality is poor in high density or low-income areas. In addition Lagos waters also showed intrusion of salinity in the localities closer to the coast. Poor ground water quality was attributed to intrusion of sullage or gray water, indiscriminate defecation, and dumping of household refuse, industrial and hazardous wastes around the premises. Lead from locally produced gasoline and heavy road traffic in the urban centres, seepage of various leachates, inadequate governmental policies and poor implementation strategies, and indifferent attitudes of communities to the environment are some of the other identified reasons.

尼日利亚城市中心的地下水:问题和选择。
尼日利亚南部一些主要城市的地下水研究结果,拉各斯,伊巴丹;在东部的瓦里、贝宁和阿巴以及北部的卡诺和乔斯,水质远远低于世卫组织建议的某些质量参数水平。硝酸盐、铅和大肠菌群指数的水平特别远高于世界卫生组织的限制,一些水的铁含量较高,pH值较低。在人口密集或低收入地区,质量较差。此外,拉各斯水域在靠近海岸的地方也显示出盐度的入侵。地下水质量差的原因是污水或灰水侵入、乱排便以及在房舍周围倾倒生活垃圾、工业和危险废物。当地生产的汽油和城市中心繁忙的道路交通所产生的铅、各种渗滤液的渗漏、政府政策不充分和执行战略不佳以及社区对环境的冷漠态度是确定的其他一些原因。
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