Cholesterol detection, diagnosis and evaluation.

V Ranade
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Abstract

Children with parents who have premature cardiovascular disease often have high serum cholesterol levels. In order to prevent the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries, efforts are called for identifying, treating and monitoring individual children and adolescents who have high serum cholesterol levels. The screening of children should be performed in the context of their continuing health care and particularly, adolescents who smoke cigarettes, have high blood pressure, or consume excessive amounts of saturated fatty acids, total fat and cholesterol and who are overweight should be subjected to cholesterol testing. On the basis of the data presented in this article, it will be prudent to test high serum cholesterol in all young people whose parents have a total serum cholesterol exceeding 240 mg/dl. A total serum cholesterol level of equal to or greater than 200 mg/dl or an LDL cholesterol level of equal to or greater than 130 mg/dl when associated with family history or parental hypercholesterolemia warrants further evaluation. Children and adolescents with high LDL cholesterol levels that are equal to or greater than 130 mg/dl should be considered to be possible secondary causes of hypercholesterolemia and therefore continuous monitoring and clinical evaluation of this population may be necessary. Other factors such as familial hyperlipidemia, hypoalphalipoproteinemia, diabetes and high alcohol intake also need careful assessment.

胆固醇检测、诊断及评价。
父母患有早发性心血管疾病的儿童通常血清胆固醇水平较高。为了防止冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的形成,需要努力识别、治疗和监测血清胆固醇水平高的儿童和青少年个体。对儿童的筛查应在其持续保健的背景下进行,特别是对吸烟、高血压或摄入过量饱和脂肪酸、总脂肪和胆固醇以及超重的青少年应进行胆固醇检测。根据本文提供的数据,对所有父母血清总胆固醇超过240 mg/dl的年轻人进行高血清胆固醇检测将是谨慎的。若血清总胆固醇水平等于或大于200mg /dl,或LDL胆固醇水平等于或大于130mg /dl,且与家族史或父母高胆固醇血症相关,则需要进一步评估。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平等于或大于130 mg/dl的儿童和青少年应被认为是高胆固醇血症的可能继发原因,因此对这一人群进行持续监测和临床评估可能是必要的。其他因素,如家族性高脂血症、低脂蛋白血症、糖尿病和高酒精摄入量也需要仔细评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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