[Phlebology and podiatry].

Abstract

By their tensing and relaxation, the muscles of the leg are thought to be responsible for compressing and relaxing the vascular walls and the lumen of vessels. In order to study the way the muscle structure of the lower limb (in particular the leg and the foot) functions, it is necessary to understand the step and break down its components. The weight of the body is transmitted to the ground by the astralagus which distributes the different forces throughout the fives systems of ossei trabeculae of the astralagus and the heel. The valgus heel determines a continuous traction on the tendon and the hind leg muscle which determines with time a dragging of the foot. When the body goes forward, the weight levels the transverse fore arch. The flexor muscles of the toes bend the phalanxes, gripping them to the ground, they avoid the falling forward of the body with the proximal insertion on the tibia. The sesamoids increase the muscles power as well as that of the kneecap on the quadriceps. The internal curvature of the foot on the ground is furthered by the decreasing length of the metatarsal bones. This is counterbalanced by the long fibular muscle which lowers the medial axis and raises the external axis. The supination of the forefoot depends only in part on the varus valgus of the rear of the foot. The plantar aponeurosis and the flexor tendons have an impact on the metatarsi because they increase the power and bring the insert closer. The complex articular system of the feet depends on the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle structure which, at the same time as a position variation can also play an important part in the venous alteration.