Noncontact atomic force microscopy: Bond imaging and beyond

IF 8.2 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Qigang Zhong , Xuechao Li, Haiming Zhang, Lifeng Chi
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引用次数: 18

Abstract

It was a long-cherished dream for chemists to take a direct look at chemical bonding, a fundamental component of chemistry. This dream was finally accomplished by the state-of-the-art noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) equipped with qPlus force sensors and carbon monoxide (CO) functionalized tips. The resolved interconnectivity between atoms and molecules in NC-AFM frequency shift images is interpreted as chemical bonding, providing essential knowledge of the bond length, bond angle and even bond order. The featured contrast of different chemical bonds can serve as fingerprints for further interpretation of chemical structures toward unknown species synthesized on surfaces. This breakthrough enriches characterization tools for surface science and brings our understanding of on-surface reactions to a new level. Beyond bond imaging, the application of NC-AFM has been extended to quantifying interatomic interactions, identifying three-dimensional nanostructures, manipulating molecules and reactions, as well as determining molecular electronic characteristics. Moreover, some recent efforts address the improvement of the usability and versatility of the bond-resolved NC-AFM technique, including high-resolution molecular investigation on bulk insulators, application-specific tip modification, stable bond imaging above liquid helium temperature and autonomous experimentation implemented by artificial intelligence.

非接触原子力显微镜:键成像及其他
直接研究化学键是化学家们长久以来的梦想,化学键是化学的基本组成部分。这个梦想最终通过配备qPlus力传感器和一氧化碳功能化尖端的最先进的非接触式原子力显微镜(NC-AFM)实现。NC-AFM频移图像中原子和分子之间的相互连接被解释为化学键,提供键长,键角甚至键顺序的基本知识。不同化学键的特征对比可以作为进一步解释表面合成的未知物质的化学结构的指纹。这一突破丰富了表面科学的表征工具,使我们对表面反应的理解达到了一个新的水平。除了键成像,NC-AFM的应用已经扩展到定量原子间相互作用,识别三维纳米结构,操纵分子和反应,以及确定分子电子特性。此外,最近的一些努力致力于提高键分辨NC-AFM技术的可用性和通用性,包括对大块绝缘体的高分辨率分子研究,特定应用的尖端修饰,液氦温度以上的稳定键成像以及人工智能实现的自主实验。
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来源期刊
Surface Science Reports
Surface Science Reports 化学-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
15.90
自引率
2.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
178 days
期刊介绍: Surface Science Reports is a journal that specializes in invited review papers on experimental and theoretical studies in the physics, chemistry, and pioneering applications of surfaces, interfaces, and nanostructures. The topics covered in the journal aim to contribute to a better understanding of the fundamental phenomena that occur on surfaces and interfaces, as well as the application of this knowledge to the development of materials, processes, and devices. In this journal, the term "surfaces" encompasses all interfaces between solids, liquids, polymers, biomaterials, nanostructures, soft matter, gases, and vacuum. Additionally, the journal includes reviews of experimental techniques and methods used to characterize surfaces and surface processes, such as those based on the interactions of photons, electrons, and ions with surfaces.
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