Variation in the formation characteristics of PBDD/F, brominated PAH, and PBDE congeners along the secondary copper smelting processes

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129602

Bingcheng Lin , Guorui Liu , Guanglong Wu , Changzhi Chen , Yong Liang , Pu Wang , Jianping Guo , Lili Yang , Rong Jin , Yuxiang Sun , Minghui Zheng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Simultaneous determination of 58 congeners of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Br-PAHs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from multiple stages of industrial-scale secondary copper smelting plants was conducted with the aim of understanding their variations and control. In addition to the historical manufacture of PBDEs as brominated flame retardants, this study confirmed that PBDEs can be unintentionally produced and released from the secondary copper industry. The average mass emission factors of PBDD/Fs, PBDEs, and Br-PAHs from different sources were 10.0, 5.21 × 10³, and 7.24 × 10³ μg t⁻¹, respectively. Therefore, the emission of brominated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the secondary copper industry should be of concern. The concentration of brominated POPs increased from the gas cooling stage to stack outlet due to the possible “memory effect” and the regenerated POPs were mainly low-brominated homologs. A comparison of brominated POPs with corresponding chlorinated analogs in the same process indicated that the formation pathway of Br-PAHs was consistent with that of chlorinated PAHs. However, unlike chlorinated dioxins and furans, PBDD/Fs can also be formed from PBDEs as precursors, leading to obvious increases in highly brominated furans. Therefore, inhibiting the unintentional formation of PBDEs is important for controlling brominated POPs emissions.

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铜二次冶炼过程中PBDD/F、溴化多环芳烃和PBDE同系物形成特征的变化

对工业规模二级冶炼厂不同生产阶段的58种同系物(PBDD/Fs)、多环芳烃(Br-PAHs)和多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)进行了同步检测，目的是了解其变化规律和控制方法。除了多溴二苯醚作为溴化阻燃剂的历史生产外，本研究还证实了多溴二苯醚可以在二次铜工业中无意中产生和释放。不同来源PBDD/Fs、PBDEs和Br-PAHs的平均质量排放因子分别为10.0、5.21 × 103和7.24 × 103 μg t−1。因此，二次铜工业中溴化持久性有机污染物(POPs)的排放值得关注。由于“记忆效应”的存在，从气冷阶段到烟囱出口，溴化持久性有机污染物浓度呈上升趋势，再生的持久性有机污染物以低溴同系物为主。溴化持久性有机污染物与相应的氯化类似物在同一过程中的比较表明，溴-多环芳烃的形成途径与氯化多环芳烃的形成途径一致。然而，与氯化二恶英和呋喃不同，PBDD/Fs也可以由多溴二苯醚作为前体形成，导致高溴化呋喃的明显增加。因此，抑制多溴二苯醚的无意形成对于控制溴化持久性有机污染物的排放非常重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.