Intelligent scaffolding for musical practice: a systematic review of AI and digital support for the self-regulated learning cycle.

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Psychology Pub Date : 2026-10-15 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1947824

Xiuran Li, Mar Galera-Núñez, Yao Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Independent music practice depends on learners' self-regulated learning (SRL), yet how digital tools and artificial intelligence (AI) support the forethought, performance, and self-reflection phases of the SRL cycle, and when such support may undermine learner autonomy, remains unclear.

Methods: Following PRISMA 2020, we searched Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, and PsycINFO through March 2026. Sixteen empirical studies met the inclusion criteria and were appraised with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Because of methodological heterogeneity, we conducted a thematic synthesis rather than a meta-analysis.

Results: Three categories emerged: traditional digital tools, discriminative AI, and generative AI. Traditional tools supported planning and reflection; discriminative AI enabled real-time error detection; and generative AI may help learners manage task difficulty and translate expert feedback into actionable steps. Study quality was uneven, and several findings came from small-sample or cross-sectional designs, which limits causal inference. Two potential risks, over-scaffolding that may diminish autonomy and visual feedback that may divert attention from sound, were insufficiently studied.

Discussion: Digital and AI tools appear to scaffold different phases of SRL, but learner autonomy should remain at the core. Fading explicit support and pedagogical guidance may help reduce dependence. Longitudinal studies are required to test these mechanisms.

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音乐实践的智能脚手架：人工智能和数字支持自我调节学习周期的系统回顾。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

13.20%

发文量

7396

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Psychology is the largest journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the psychological sciences, from clinical research to cognitive science, from perception to consciousness, from imaging studies to human factors, and from animal cognition to social psychology. Field Chief Editor Axel Cleeremans at the Free University of Brussels is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. The journal publishes the best research across the entire field of psychology. Today, psychological science is becoming increasingly important at all levels of society, from the treatment of clinical disorders to our basic understanding of how the mind works. It is highly interdisciplinary, borrowing questions from philosophy, methods from neuroscience and insights from clinical practice - all in the goal of furthering our grasp of human nature and society, as well as our ability to develop new intervention methods.