Development and Characterization of Phlomis brachyodon Extract-Loaded Thermoresponsive In Situ Gels: Antioxidant Activity, Wound-Healing Evaluation in a Rat Excision Model, and Potential Anticancer Activity.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize butanol and methanol extracts of Phlomis brachyodon (P. brachyodon) and incorporate them into thermoresponsive in situ gels (F1 and F2, respectively) to evaluate their wound-healing activity. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of the extracts were determined. Extracts were profiled by LC-MS. The rheological properties of the gels, using a controlled-stress rheometer, and their wound-healing activity and histological examinations were evaluated. Cell viability assays of the extracts were conducted against human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and a small-cell lung cancer cell line (H69). The methanol extract showed higher TPC and TFC values and stronger antioxidant activity than the butanol extract (IC50, 55.82 ± 8.94 versus 144.11 ± 10.95 µg/mL). F1 and F2 underwent a sol-gel transition at temperatures suitable for topical application and exhibited shear-thinning behavior with predominantly elastic behavior. Both extract-loaded gels promoted wound contraction, with F2 producing the greatest reduction in wound area and near-complete closure by day 15. F1 and F2 gels showed complete re-epithelialization. LC-MS profiling detected 37 constituents and showed greater chemical diversity in the methanol extract. Both extracts had selectivity indices greater than 30 against H69 cancer cells, with IC50 values of 3.16 and 2.24 µg/mL for the butanol and methanol extracts, respectively. P. brachyodon extract-loaded thermoresponsive gels, particularly the methanol extract formulation, showed promising antioxidant and wound-healing activity. In conclusion, these findings support the development of P. brachyodon topical formulations and demonstrate anticancer activity, particularly against H69 lung cancer cells, for P. brachyodon extracts.
期刊介绍：
The journal Gels (ISSN 2310-2861) is an international, open access journal on physical (supramolecular) and chemical gel-based materials. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the maximum length of the papers, and full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Short communications, full research papers and review papers are accepted formats for the preparation of the manuscripts.
Gels aims to serve as a reference journal with a focus on gel materials for researchers working in both academia and industry. Therefore, papers demonstrating practical applications of these materials are particularly welcome. Occasionally, invited contributions (i.e., original research and review articles) on emerging issues and high-tech applications of gels are published as special issues.
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