The architectural and functional landscape of transposon-derived chimeric RNAs.

IF 4.1 3区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

RNA Biology Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-20 DOI:10.1080/15476286.2026.2743461

Yangquan Xiang, Hongqing Liang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review systematically examines the architectural and functional landscape of transposable element (TE)-derived chimeric RNAs, classifying them into three major categories: TE-coding gene chimeras, TE-lncRNA chimeras and TE-TE chimeras. We delineate four potential molecular mechanisms contributing to their biogenesis: transcriptional read-through coupled with cis-splicing, promoter hijacking by TE-derived regulatory elements, trans-splicing of independent transcripts and epigenetic regulation of TE genomic loci. Functionally, TE and their chimeric RNAs can coordinately participate in genomic regulation at different levels: they remodel native gene expression patterns via alternative promoters, introduce novel functional domains into proteins and lncRNAs, and form integrated transcriptional regulatory networks. These chimeric transcripts exert critical roles in early embryonic development, stem cell potency, differentiation or pathogenic condition. Looking forward, long-read sequencing and genomic targeting technologies hold great promise to unravel the functionality and therapeutic application of TE-derived chimeric RNAs. Collectively, this review establishes TE-derived chimeric RNAs as fundamental drivers of transcriptomic innovation, evolutionary adaptation and disease aetiology, bridging basic genome biology with physiology and clinical translation.

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转座子衍生的嵌合rna的结构和功能景观。

本文系统地研究了转座因子（TE）衍生的嵌合rna的结构和功能，并将其分为三大类：TE编码基因嵌合体、TE- lncrna嵌合体和TE-TE嵌合体。我们描述了促进其生物发生的四种潜在分子机制：转录通读耦合顺式剪接，TE衍生的调控元件劫持启动子，独立转录物的反式剪接和TE基因组位点的表观遗传调控。在功能上，TE及其嵌合rna可以在不同水平上协调参与基因组调控：它们通过替代启动子重塑天然基因表达模式，将新的功能域引入蛋白质和lncrna中，并形成整合的转录调控网络。这些嵌合转录物在早期胚胎发育、干细胞效力、分化或致病条件中发挥关键作用。展望未来，长读测序和基因组靶向技术有望揭示te衍生嵌合rna的功能和治疗应用。总的来说，这篇综述确立了te衍生的嵌合rna是转录组学创新、进化适应和疾病病因学的基本驱动因素，将基础基因组生物学与生理学和临床翻译联系起来。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

RNA Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： RNA has played a central role in all cellular processes since the beginning of life: decoding the genome, regulating gene expression, mediating molecular interactions, catalyzing chemical reactions. RNA Biology, as a leading journal in the field, provides a platform for presenting and discussing cutting-edge RNA research. RNA Biology brings together a multidisciplinary community of scientists working in the areas of: Transcription and splicing Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression Non-coding RNAs RNA localization Translation and catalysis by RNA Structural biology Bioinformatics RNA in disease and therapy