Versatile Passive Backscattering Through DC--RF Impedance Conversion for Wireless IoT Sensing

IF 5.2 1区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-02 DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2026.3727056

Dongchi Zhang;Jiteng Ma;Simon Hemour;Xiaoqiang Gu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Wireless sensors are vital for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, but battery dependence limits lifetime and contributes to electronic waste. Radio frequency (RF) backscattering sensors offer a sustainable alternative by reflecting RF signals without re-generating them, thereby achieving ultralow power consumption. However, resistive sensors, the most common type of industrial passive sensors, operate inherently in the DC domain and are generally incompatible with conventional RF backscattering devices. This article presents a passive backscattering device that employs a Schottky-diode-based DC–RF impedance conversion technique to enable direct compatibility with DC resistive sensors. Under −25-dBm excitation at 917 MHz, the device demonstrates a maximum reflection-coefficient variation of 0.342 as the load resistance changes from 1 to 100 k

$\Omega $

. Wired modulation tests confirm analog amplitude modulation (AM) operation up to 100 kHz with the sideband signal as high as −8.0 dBc. Wireless image transferring was further demonstrated using a slow-scan television (SSTV) scheme over 2 m, with the transmitted image successfully recovered by a software-defined radio (SDR) receiver. These results confirm the feasibility of analog AM backscattering with DC resistive sensors and highlight potential extensions to amplitude-shift keying (ASK) and frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation schemes.

查看原文本刊更多论文

通过DC- RF阻抗转换实现无线物联网传感的多功能无源后向散射

无线传感器对于物联网（IoT）应用至关重要，但对电池的依赖限制了使用寿命，并导致了电子浪费。射频（RF）后向散射传感器通过反射射频信号而不重新产生信号，从而实现超低功耗，从而提供了一种可持续的替代方案。然而，电阻式传感器是最常见的工业无源传感器类型，固有地在直流域中工作，并且通常与传统的射频后向散射器件不兼容。本文介绍了一种无源后向散射器件，该器件采用基于肖特基二极管的DC - rf阻抗转换技术，可与直流电阻传感器直接兼容。在917 MHz - 25 dbm激励下，当负载电阻从1到100 k $\Omega $变化时，器件的最大反射系数变化为0.342。有线调制测试确认模拟调幅（AM）操作高达100 kHz，边带信号高达- 8.0 dBc。使用慢扫描电视（SSTV）方案进一步演示了超过2米的无线图像传输，并通过软件定义无线电（SDR）接收器成功恢复了传输的图像。这些结果证实了模拟调幅后向散射与直流电阻传感器的可行性，并强调了移幅键控（ASK）和移频键控（FSK）调制方案的潜在扩展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

18.60%

发文量

486

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques focuses on that part of engineering and theory associated with microwave/millimeter-wave components, devices, circuits, and systems involving the generation, modulation, demodulation, control, transmission, and detection of microwave signals. This includes scientific, technical, and industrial, activities. Microwave theory and techniques relates to electromagnetic waves usually in the frequency region between a few MHz and a THz; other spectral regions and wave types are included within the scope of the Society whenever basic microwave theory and techniques can yield useful results. Generally, this occurs in the theory of wave propagation in structures with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, and in the related techniques for analysis and design.