Rebecca Marie Dewhurst, George M I Weston, Martin J Cann
{"title":"Carbamate post-translational modifications: bridging CO<sub>2</sub> biology and protein regulation.","authors":"Rebecca Marie Dewhurst, George M I Weston, Martin J Cann","doi":"10.1016/j.tibs.2026.09.014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is a bioactive gas essential for several physiologically important biological processes, including metabolism, acid-base homoeostasis, and chemosensing. CO<sub>2</sub> can directly modulate these processes by stimulating or inhibiting specific cell signalling pathways, including the nuclear factor-κB, calcium, and Wingless (Wnt) pathways. One mechanism by which CO<sub>2</sub> interacts with proteins to modulate cell signalling is through the reversible and nonenzymatic modification of α- N-terminal and lysine ε-amino groups to form the carbamate post-translational modification (PTM). Identifying carbamate PTMs is technically challenging because these modifications are readily reversible. However, emerging techniques have now made possible their identification and functional characterisation. Here, we review recent advances in experimental and computational methods to identify CO<sub>2</sub>-mediated PTMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":440,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.4000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Trends in Biochemical Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2026.09.014","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a bioactive gas essential for several physiologically important biological processes, including metabolism, acid-base homoeostasis, and chemosensing. CO2 can directly modulate these processes by stimulating or inhibiting specific cell signalling pathways, including the nuclear factor-κB, calcium, and Wingless (Wnt) pathways. One mechanism by which CO2 interacts with proteins to modulate cell signalling is through the reversible and nonenzymatic modification of α- N-terminal and lysine ε-amino groups to form the carbamate post-translational modification (PTM). Identifying carbamate PTMs is technically challenging because these modifications are readily reversible. However, emerging techniques have now made possible their identification and functional characterisation. Here, we review recent advances in experimental and computational methods to identify CO2-mediated PTMs.
期刊介绍:
For over 40 years, Trends in Biochemical Sciences (TIBS) has been a leading publication keeping readers informed about recent advances in all areas of biochemistry and molecular biology. Through monthly, peer-reviewed issues, TIBS covers a wide range of topics, from traditional subjects like protein structure and function to emerging areas in signaling and metabolism. Articles are curated by the Editor and authored by top researchers in their fields, with a focus on moving beyond simple literature summaries to providing novel insights and perspectives. Each issue primarily features concise and timely Reviews and Opinions, supplemented by shorter articles including Spotlights, Forums, and Technology of the Month, as well as impactful pieces like Science & Society and Scientific Life articles.