Zero-Order Delivery of Natamycin-Loaded Novel Nanoemulgel for Ocular Keratomycosis Management: Formulation and Optimization

Abstract

A promising delivery system is being investigated for better management of a highly neglected disease segment named keratomycosis, using nanoemulsion-based gels (nanoemulgels). They offer the potential to improve patient compliance, enhance drug penetration and efficacy, extend drug contact time, and reduce side effects compared to traditional eye drops. This investigation focused on the development of a nanoemulsion-based gel system to facilitate ocular delivery of Natamycin. Drug-loaded nanoemulgels were prepared using the ultrasonication method. These formulations then underwent assessment for particle size, drug loading capacity, drug release profile, in vitro permeation characteristics, and in vivo ocular irritation potential. The optimized nanoemulsion-based in situ gel (FNG4) showed superior ex vivo transcorneal permeation, with < 200 nm particle size, +26.3 ± 2.24 mV zeta potential, ∼89% residual drug content, and zero-order kinetics. It was found to be homogeneous and stable for use. In conclusion, an optimized pH-sensitive ocular formulation capable of treating keratomycosis along with overcoming the existing shortcomings was successfully developed.