Essence of Support: A Phenomenological Study of Integrating Formal and Natural Supports to Enhance Quality of Life for Saudi Young Adults With Intellectual Disability.

Abstract

Background: Integrated supports are vital for quality of life, yet experiences in Saudi Arabia remain under-explored. This study explored how young adults with intellectual disability and their families navigate the integration of formal and natural support systems.

Methods: Using hermeneutic phenomenology, data were collected through initial and follow-up semi-structured interviews and two focus groups. The sample comprised 17 participants, including 10 young adults with intellectual disability living with their families and seven family members.

Results: Two main themes emerged: the critical synergy between formal and natural supports in enhancing quality of life, and systemic barriers and future aspirations for integrated support. Findings highlight how collaborative care and partnerships reinforce skills and emotional well-being.

Conclusion: Stronger connections between formal and natural supports may improve quality of life. The study underscores the need for an integrated partnership between families and specialised centres to foster independence and inclusion.