Numerical simulation and research on organizational properties of explosion welding of Ni/T2 copper/304 stainless steel trimetallic plate

Abstract

Nickel/steel alloy composites are extensively utilized in industrial applications due to their exceptional performance. The Ni/T2 copper/304 stainless steel composite plate was successfully fabricated using explosive welding technology. The high-velocity oblique impact welding process was numerically simulated with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Microstructural characteristics of the composite plates were analyzed using SEM, EDS, and EBSD techniques, while mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile tests and microhardness measurements. The results revealed that both bonding interfaces of the composite plates displayed characteristic wavy bonding patterns without visible defects, aligning with the findings from numerical simulations. Interface density variations facilitated elemental diffusion. Intense plastic deformation during the adiabatic welding process influenced grain recrystallization, leading to the formation of fine grains with diverse orientations at the bonding interface. The tri-metal composite plates demonstrated exceptional mechanical properties, achieving a tensile strength of 668 MPa and an elongation at fracture of 44%.