An Analysis and Formalization of the Definition of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)

Abstract

The term model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is widely referenced in modern engineering practice, yet its application is limited by ambiguous and imprecise definitions. This article assesses the clarity and precision of existing definitions of MBSE across the systems engineering community. By first examining the foundations of definition and then applying essential-definition principles and logical modeling, a formal evaluation framework is developed and used to analyze existing definitions. The analysis demonstrates that commonly cited definitions lack the precision to enable a consistent and mathematically interpretable model of MBSE. By synthesizing features of the cited definitions, a formally grounded definition of MBSE is, therefore, proposed. This addresses existing shortcomings and offers a precise expression of the essential nature of MBSE. The proposed definition is further demonstrated through an elementary technical example of a battery electric vehicle (BEV), illustrating its suitability and utility for engineering practice.