{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration: an organellar perspective.","authors":"Zong-Yu Zhang, Yue Li, Wei Wang, Bing-Dong Sui, Chen-Xi Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.molmed.2026.09.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contribute substantially to bone regeneration, yet osteogenic cues alone do not fully explain how their reparative capacity is established, maintained, or lost. Prior studies show that organelles, especially mitochondria, play critical roles in MSC osteogenesis. Recent advances reveal that individual organelle states, inter-organelle coordination within MSCs, and reciprocal organelle-related intercellular communication together constitute an integrated regulatory network. In this review, we introduce 'organellar governance' as a framework for understanding MSC-mediated bone regeneration. We discuss how adaptive organelle remodeling supports osteogenesis and how organelle regulation is disrupted in disease. We further address reciprocal organelle-related intercellular communication and organelle-directed therapeutics for MSC-mediated bone regeneration. These insights provide a network-level perspective and highlight broader translational significance for regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23263,"journal":{"name":"Trends in molecular medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Trends in molecular medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2026.09.008","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contribute substantially to bone regeneration, yet osteogenic cues alone do not fully explain how their reparative capacity is established, maintained, or lost. Prior studies show that organelles, especially mitochondria, play critical roles in MSC osteogenesis. Recent advances reveal that individual organelle states, inter-organelle coordination within MSCs, and reciprocal organelle-related intercellular communication together constitute an integrated regulatory network. In this review, we introduce 'organellar governance' as a framework for understanding MSC-mediated bone regeneration. We discuss how adaptive organelle remodeling supports osteogenesis and how organelle regulation is disrupted in disease. We further address reciprocal organelle-related intercellular communication and organelle-directed therapeutics for MSC-mediated bone regeneration. These insights provide a network-level perspective and highlight broader translational significance for regenerative medicine.
期刊介绍：
Trends in Molecular Medicine (TMM) aims to offer concise and contextualized perspectives on the latest research advancing biomedical science toward better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human diseases. It focuses on research at the intersection of basic biology and clinical research, covering new concepts in human biology and pathology with clear implications for diagnostics and therapy. TMM reviews bridge the gap between bench and bedside, discussing research from preclinical studies to patient-enrolled trials. The major themes include disease mechanisms, tools and technologies, diagnostics, and therapeutics, with a preference for articles relevant to multiple themes. TMM serves as a platform for discussion, pushing traditional boundaries and fostering collaboration between scientists and clinicians. The journal seeks to publish provocative and authoritative articles that are also accessible to a broad audience, inspiring new directions in molecular medicine to enhance human health.
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