Prolonged Breastfeeding at 18 Months and Early Childhood Caries at Age 3 Years: A Population-Based Cohort Study From Japan.

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International journal of paediatric dentistry Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI:10.1111/ipd.70158

Toshifumi Yodoshi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding is recommended to 2 years or beyond, but its association with early childhood caries (ECC) after infancy remains uncertain, partly because of inconsistent adjustment for confounders and reverse causation.

Aim: To examine whether breastfeeding at 18 months was associated with dental caries at age 3 years.

Design: Japanese check-up cohort (2014-2019). Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs), adjusting for sex, regular sweetened juice consumption, screen time > 1 h/day, parental tooth-brushing assistance, single-parent household and parental employment; sensitivity analyses adjusted for or excluded those with 18-month caries.

Results: Of 69 165 children, 12 788 (18.5%) were breastfeeding at 18 months. Any caries (35.9% vs. 23.7%) and severe caries (19.2% vs. 10.5%) were more common in breastfeeding children. After behavioural and socioeconomic adjustment, breastfeeding remained associated with any caries (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.82-1.98) and severe caries (OR 2.14, 95% CI 2.03-2.26); associations persisted after adjustment for caries at 18 months (any caries OR 1.74; severe caries OR 1.87).

Conclusion: Breastfeeding at 18 months was independently associated with higher odds of ECC at 3 years; reverse causation alone did not account for this. Findings support integrating targeted oral-health counselling, including avoidance of feed-to-sleep and post-feed oral cleaning, into breastfeeding support after infancy.

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18个月时延长母乳喂养和3岁时早期儿童龋齿：一项来自日本的基于人群的队列研究

背景：建议母乳喂养至2岁或以上，但其与婴儿期后早期儿童龋齿（ECC）的关系仍不确定，部分原因是对混杂因素和反向因果关系的调整不一致。目的：探讨18个月时母乳喂养是否与3岁时龋齿有关。设计：日本体检队列（2014-2019）。Logistic回归估计的优势比（or），调整了性别、经常饮用加糖果汁、每天看屏幕时间100小时/天、父母帮助刷牙、单亲家庭和父母就业等因素；敏感性分析调整或排除18个月的龋齿。结果：69 165例患儿中，12 788例（18.5%）在18月龄母乳喂养。轻度龋齿（35.9%对23.7%）和重度龋齿（19.2%对10.5%）在母乳喂养儿童中更为常见。经过行为和社会经济调整后，母乳喂养仍然与任何龋齿（OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.82-1.98）和严重龋齿（OR 2.14, 95% CI 2.03-2.26）相关；在18个月调整龋齿后，相关性仍然存在（任何龋齿OR 1.74；严重龋齿OR 1.87）。结论：18个月母乳喂养与3岁时发生ECC的几率较高独立相关；单靠反向因果关系并不能解释这一点。研究结果支持将有针对性的口腔健康咨询，包括避免睡前喂养和饭后口腔清洁，纳入婴儿期后的母乳喂养支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of paediatric dentistry 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry was formed in 1991 by the merger of the Journals of the International Association of Paediatric Dentistry and the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry and is published bi-monthly. It has true international scope and aims to promote the highest standard of education, practice and research in paediatric dentistry world-wide. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry publishes papers on all aspects of paediatric dentistry including: growth and development, behaviour management, diagnosis, prevention, restorative treatment and issue relating to medically compromised children or those with disabilities. This peer-reviewed journal features scientific articles, reviews, case reports, clinical techniques, short communications and abstracts of current paediatric dental research. Analytical studies with a scientific novelty value are preferred to descriptive studies. Case reports illustrating unusual conditions and clinically relevant observations are acceptable but must be of sufficiently high quality to be considered for publication; particularly the illustrative material must be of the highest quality.