Kelsey E. Breen MS, MSc, Shagun Vashisth MD, Ying L. Liu MD, MPH
{"title":"Cancer risks associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2: Overview and management","authors":"Kelsey E. Breen MS, MSc, Shagun Vashisth MD, Ying L. Liu MD, MPH","doi":"10.1002/cncr.70635","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> tumor suppressor genes are integral to the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Therefore, germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in either of these genes are associated with an increased risk of developing hereditary cancers. For over 30 years, studies have demonstrated a well established and markedly increased lifetime risk of female breast cancer and ovarian cancer for individuals with a PV in <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i>. Additional canonical cancers include prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer for males and females, and male breast cancer. Several noncanonical cancers have also been reported in association with <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i>, including stomach cancer and endometrial cancer. This review summarizes the established and evolving cancer risks associated with germline PVs in <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i> as well as current clinical management recommendations. With increased uptake and diversified utility of germline genetic testing, this summary provides a current overview for clinical management of both male and female individuals with a PV in <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"132 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cancer","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cncr.70635","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes are integral to the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Therefore, germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in either of these genes are associated with an increased risk of developing hereditary cancers. For over 30 years, studies have demonstrated a well established and markedly increased lifetime risk of female breast cancer and ovarian cancer for individuals with a PV in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Additional canonical cancers include prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer for males and females, and male breast cancer. Several noncanonical cancers have also been reported in association with BRCA1 or BRCA2, including stomach cancer and endometrial cancer. This review summarizes the established and evolving cancer risks associated with germline PVs in BRCA1 or BRCA2 as well as current clinical management recommendations. With increased uptake and diversified utility of germline genetic testing, this summary provides a current overview for clinical management of both male and female individuals with a PV in BRCA1 or BRCA2.
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The CANCER site is a full-text, electronic implementation of CANCER, an Interdisciplinary International Journal of the American Cancer Society, and CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY, a Journal of the American Cancer Society.
CANCER publishes interdisciplinary oncologic information according to, but not limited to, the following disease sites and disciplines: blood/bone marrow; breast disease; endocrine disorders; epidemiology; gastrointestinal tract; genitourinary disease; gynecologic oncology; head and neck disease; hepatobiliary tract; integrated medicine; lung disease; medical oncology; neuro-oncology; pathology radiation oncology; translational research
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