{"title":"Density Conditions for \n \n \n \n k\n \n \n Vertex-Disjoint Triangles in Tripartite Graphs","authors":"Mingyang Guo, Klas Markström","doi":"10.1002/jgt.70079","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Let <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>n</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> be positive integers such that <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>n</mi>\n \n <mo>≥</mo>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> be a tripartite graph with parts <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>A</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>B</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>C</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> such that <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>A</mi>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>=</mo>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>B</mi>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>=</mo>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mi>C</mi>\n \n <mo>∣</mo>\n \n <mo>=</mo>\n \n <mi>n</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math>. Denote the edge densities of <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>[</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>A</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>B</mi>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>]</mo>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>[</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>A</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>C</mi>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>]</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n \n <mrow>\n <mo>[</mo>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>B</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>C</mi>\n </mrow>\n \n <mo>]</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> by <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>α</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>β</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>γ</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math>, respectively. In this paper, we study edge density conditions for the existence of <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> vertex-disjoint triangles in a tripartite graph. For <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>n</mi>\n \n <mo>≥</mo>\n \n <mn>5</mn>\n \n <mi>k</mi>\n \n <mo>+</mo>\n \n <mn>2</mn>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> we give an optimal condition in terms of densities <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>α</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>β</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>γ</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> for the existence of <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> vertex-disjoint triangles in <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math>. We also give an optimal condition in terms of densities <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>α</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>β</mi>\n \n <mo>,</mo>\n \n <mi>γ</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> for the existence of a triangle-factor in <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n \n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math>.</p>","PeriodicalId":16014,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Graph Theory","volume":"113 4","pages":"634-649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgt.70079","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Graph Theory","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgt.70079","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/6/19 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Let be positive integers such that and be a tripartite graph with parts such that . Denote the edge densities of and by and , respectively. In this paper, we study edge density conditions for the existence of vertex-disjoint triangles in a tripartite graph. For we give an optimal condition in terms of densities for the existence of vertex-disjoint triangles in . We also give an optimal condition in terms of densities for the existence of a triangle-factor in .
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Graph Theory is devoted to a variety of topics in graph theory, such as structural results about graphs, graph algorithms with theoretical emphasis, and discrete optimization on graphs. The scope of the journal also includes related areas in combinatorics and the interaction of graph theory with other mathematical sciences.
A subscription to the Journal of Graph Theory includes a subscription to the Journal of Combinatorial Designs .