Assessing PFAS uptake in hemp and alfalfa using congener-resolved analyses and soil quality measurements

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2026-10-15 Epub Date: 2026-09-29 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182333

Grace Geils, Addison Pfeil, Jenna Muenchow, Danielle Singkofer, Benjamin Opaneye, Phillip Alberti, Brian Barringer, Shelby Ellison, Ann Impullitti, Joseph E. Mondloch, Bryant Scharenbroch, Shannon C. Riha

{"title":"Assessing PFAS uptake in hemp and alfalfa using congener-resolved analyses and soil quality measurements","authors":"Grace Geils, Addison Pfeil, Jenna Muenchow, Danielle Singkofer, Benjamin Opaneye, Phillip Alberti, Brian Barringer, Shelby Ellison, Ann Impullitti, Joseph E. Mondloch, Bryant Scharenbroch, Shannon C. Riha","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182333","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding phytoaccumulation of environmental contaminants in agricultural crops is essential for assessing contaminant cycling, ecological restoration and risk, and exposure pathways. This study assessed the uptake of <em>per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in <em>Cannabis sativa</em> (CBD-hemp) and <em>Medicago sativa</em> (alfalfa) across two greenhouse trials. Congener-resolved-PFAS analyses were performed on soil and plant tissues to characterize uptake patterns and examine how variability in soil quality aligns with PFAS accumulation. In alfalfa, short-chain PFAS predominated in shoots and long-chain PFAS molecules in roots, while total PFAS concentrations were similar across tissues. In hemp, inflorescences carried the highest PFAS concentration and stems the lowest. For both species, translocation factors (TF; shoot/root PFAS concentration) and bioconcentration factors (BCF; plant tissue/soil PFAS concentration) decreased with increasing PFAS chain length for both perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs). Relationships between % soil organic matter (SOM) and PFAS uptake were species- and compound-specific, whereas soil electrical conductivity (EC) exhibited more consistent associations with PFAS concentrations in soil and plant tissues. Higher PFAS concentrations in hemp roots and lower residual soil PFAS concentrations at harvest were associated with lower EC, resulting in higher BCF values for both species. These findings suggest that soil ionic conditions may influence PFAS mobility and bioavailability and highlight the value of incorporating soil EC measurements alongside PFAS concentrations when evaluating PFAS uptake in agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"1052 ","pages":"Article 182333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Science of the Total Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969726010016","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/9/29 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Understanding phytoaccumulation of environmental contaminants in agricultural crops is essential for assessing contaminant cycling, ecological restoration and risk, and exposure pathways. This study assessed the uptake of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in Cannabis sativa (CBD-hemp) and Medicago sativa (alfalfa) across two greenhouse trials. Congener-resolved-PFAS analyses were performed on soil and plant tissues to characterize uptake patterns and examine how variability in soil quality aligns with PFAS accumulation. In alfalfa, short-chain PFAS predominated in shoots and long-chain PFAS molecules in roots, while total PFAS concentrations were similar across tissues. In hemp, inflorescences carried the highest PFAS concentration and stems the lowest. For both species, translocation factors (TF; shoot/root PFAS concentration) and bioconcentration factors (BCF; plant tissue/soil PFAS concentration) decreased with increasing PFAS chain length for both perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs). Relationships between % soil organic matter (SOM) and PFAS uptake were species- and compound-specific, whereas soil electrical conductivity (EC) exhibited more consistent associations with PFAS concentrations in soil and plant tissues. Higher PFAS concentrations in hemp roots and lower residual soil PFAS concentrations at harvest were associated with lower EC, resulting in higher BCF values for both species. These findings suggest that soil ionic conditions may influence PFAS mobility and bioavailability and highlight the value of incorporating soil EC measurements alongside PFAS concentrations when evaluating PFAS uptake in agricultural systems.

查看原文本刊更多论文

使用同源分辨分析和土壤质量测量评估大麻和苜蓿的PFAS吸收

了解环境污染物在农作物中的植物积累对评估污染物循环、生态恢复和风险以及暴露途径至关重要。本研究通过两个温室试验评估了大麻（CBD-hemp）和苜蓿（Medicago sativa）对全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的吸收情况。对土壤和植物组织进行了同源解析PFAS分析，以表征吸收模式，并检查土壤质量的可变性如何与PFAS积累相一致。在苜蓿中，短链PFAS在茎中占主导地位，长链PFAS分子在根中占主导地位，而PFAS总浓度在各组织中相似。在大麻中，花序的PFAS浓度最高，茎的PFAS浓度最低。对于这两个物种，转运因子（TF；茎/根PFAS浓度）和生物浓缩因子（BCF；植物组织/土壤PFAS浓度）随着全氟磺酸（PFSAs）和全氟羧酸（PFCAs） PFAS链长的增加而降低。土壤有机质（SOM）与PFAS吸收之间的关系是物种和化合物特异性的，而土壤电导率（EC）与土壤和植物组织中PFAS浓度的关系更为一致。大麻根中较高的PFAS浓度和收获时残留土壤中较低的PFAS浓度与较低的EC相关，从而导致两种植物的BCF值较高。这些发现表明，土壤离子条件可能会影响PFAS的流动性和生物利用度，并强调了在评估农业系统中PFAS吸收时，将土壤EC测量与PFAS浓度结合起来的价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.