Gas Generation Characteristics of Synthetic Ester Insulating Oils Under Thermal Aging: Influence of Fatty Acid Chain Structures

IF 3.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-18 DOI:10.1109/TDEI.2026.3705018

Feipeng Wang;Bojun Li;Zijian Yang;Zhengyong Huang;Pawel Rozga;Jian Li

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Abstract

To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of molecular structures on gas generation behavior in synthetic ester insulating oils, this study synthesizes medium-chain fatty acid trimethylolpropane (TMP) ester (MTE) insulating oils with well-defined molecular structures. The effects of fatty acid chain parity, branching, and unsaturation on gas generation are systematically examined. Thermal aging experiments are conducted at varying temperatures and durations, and dissolved gas content is analyzed using gas chromatography. Results indicate that in linear-chain MTE insulating oils, CO₂, CO, C₂H₄, and H₂ are the predominant gases, and aging temperature exerts a stronger effect on odd-carbon MTEs. In branched-chain MTEs, CO₂, CO, C₂H₆, and H₂ are dominant, while unsaturated MTEs primarily generate H₂, CO₂, and CO. Notably, unsaturation and branching significantly accelerate gas generation. A quantitative relationship between molecular structures and gas generation characteristics is established, which provides theoretical support for optimized ester design and future improvements in transformer fault diagnosis via dissolved gas analysis (DGA).

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热老化条件下合成酯类绝缘油的生气特性：脂肪酸链结构的影响

为了研究分子结构对合成酯类绝缘油产气行为的调控机制，本研究合成了分子结构明确的中链脂肪酸三甲基丙烷（TMP）酯类绝缘油。系统地考察了脂肪酸链对、支化和不饱和对产气的影响。在不同温度和时间下进行热老化实验，并用气相色谱法分析溶解气体含量。结果表明，在线性链MTE绝缘油中，CO2、CO、C2H4和H2是主要气体，老化温度对奇碳MTE的影响更大。支链MTEs以CO2、CO、C2H6和H2为主，而不饱和MTEs主要生成H2、CO2和CO。值得注意的是，不饱和和分支显著加速了气体的生成。建立了分子结构与气体生成特征之间的定量关系，为优化酯类设计和改进变压器溶解气体分析（DGA）故障诊断提供了理论支持。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

22.60%

发文量

309

审稿时长

5.2 months

期刊介绍： Topics that are concerned with dielectric phenomena and measurements, with development and characterization of gaseous, vacuum, liquid and solid electrical insulating materials and systems; and with utilization of these materials in circuits and systems under condition of use.