Rapid sintering approaches for powder metallurgy titanium alloys fabrication: Microstructure evolution and densification mechanisms

IF 5.5 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-08 DOI:10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67106-3

Ke-jia PAN, Xiao-tao LIU

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Powder metallurgy (PM) Ti alloys, produced by compacting blended powders followed by vacuum sintering, offer reduced production costs compared to casting−wrought Ti alloys. However, the conventional pressureless sintering recipe usually incorporates high temperature and long holding time, inevitably leading to oxygen pick-up and grain coarsening, which markedly decreases their plasticity. In recent years, novel rapid sintering techniques, i.e., induction sintering, microwave sintering, spark plasma sintering, hot pressing, and hot isostatic pressing, could achieve densification of powders in several minutes, which is beneficial to the control of oxygen content increase and grain growth. In this work, we review these advanced sintering methods and the emphasis is on exploring microstructural evolution and densification mechanisms using pure Ti and TC4 alloys as examples. Besides, limitations of each sintering approach are summarized, and their application potentials are evaluated as well. At the end, development directions of advanced rapid sintering techniques are outlined.

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粉末冶金钛合金制备的快速烧结方法：显微组织演变和致密化机制

粉末冶金（PM）钛合金是通过压实混合粉末然后真空烧结生产的，与铸造变形钛合金相比，它的生产成本更低。然而，传统的无压烧结工艺通常温度高、保温时间长，不可避免地导致吸氧和晶粒粗化，从而显著降低了材料的塑性。近年来，新型快速烧结技术如感应烧结、微波烧结、火花等离子烧结、热压、热等静压等均可在几分钟内实现粉末的致密化，有利于控制氧含量的增加和晶粒的生长。本文综述了这些先进的烧结方法，并以纯Ti和TC4合金为例，重点探讨了显微组织演变和致密化机制。总结了各种烧结方法的局限性，并对其应用前景进行了评价。最后，展望了先进快速烧结技术的发展方向。

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来源期刊

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

17.80%

发文量

8456

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China), founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, INSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.