Comparative Outcomes of Medical and Surgical Interventions in Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Systematic Review.

IF 0.7 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-20 DOI:10.1007/s12663-026-03088-4

P S Tripthi, Rakshita Kumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by severe episodic facial pain and significant impairment in quality of life. Despite multiple available treatment options, comparative evidence on their clinical outcomes remains limited. This systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare outcomes of various medical and surgical treatment modalities.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Cochrane, Web of sciences and Scopus databases were searched for studies published between 2005 and 2025 using the terms "trigeminal neuralgia" combined with drug therapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies were included. Due to heterogeneity in study design, interventions and outcome reporting, findings were synthesized qualitatively. Outcomes assessed included pain relief, recurrence rate, patient satisfaction and treatment-related complications.

Results: A total of 7,842 records were identified, of which 8 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final qualitative synthesis. The study population demonstrated a female predominance (65.5%) with a mean age of 58.4 years and the mandibular division was most commonly affected Variability was observed across treatment modalities in terms of onset of pain relief, recurrence rates, and complication profiles. Facial numbness was the most frequent complication, occurring in approximately 16% of patients.

Discussion and conclusion: Minimally invasive procedures provide effective short-term pain relief with higher recurrence rates, whereas microvascular decompression offers the most durable long-term outcomes despite greater invasiveness. Treatment should be individualized based on patient characteristics, disease etiology and expected durability of outcomes.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-026-03088-4.

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三叉神经痛的内科和外科干预的比较结果：一项系统综述。

简介：三叉神经痛是一种慢性神经性疼痛障碍，其特征是严重的发作性面部疼痛和生活质量的显著损害。尽管有多种可用的治疗方案，但关于其临床结果的比较证据仍然有限。本系统综述旨在评价和比较各种内科和外科治疗方式的结果。方法：按照PRISMA指南进行系统评价。检索了PubMed、Cochrane、Web of sciences和Scopus数据库，检索了2005年至2025年间发表的使用“三叉神经痛”一词联合药物治疗、手术和放疗的研究。包括随机对照试验和观察性研究。由于研究设计、干预措施和结果报告的异质性，研究结果是定性综合的。评估的结果包括疼痛缓解、复发率、患者满意度和治疗相关并发症。结果：共纳入7842篇文献，其中8篇文献符合纳入标准，被纳入最终的定性综合。研究人群显示女性优势（65.5%），平均年龄58.4岁，下颌分叉最常受影响，不同治疗方式在疼痛缓解、复发率和并发症方面观察到可变性。面部麻木是最常见的并发症，发生在大约16%的患者中。讨论和结论：微创手术能有效缓解短期疼痛，但复发率较高，而微血管减压手术尽管侵入性较大，但能提供最持久的长期结果。治疗应根据患者特点、疾病病因和预期结果的持久性进行个体化治疗。补充信息：在线版本包含补充资料，可在https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-026-03088-4上获得。

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来源期刊

Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

138

期刊介绍： This journal offers comprehensive coverage of new techniques, important developments and innovative ideas in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Practice-applicable articles help develop the methods used to handle dentoalveolar surgery, facial injuries and deformities, TMJ disorders, oral cancer, jaw reconstruction, anesthesia and analgesia. The journal also includes specifics on new instruments, diagnostic equipment’s and modern therapeutic drugs and devices. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is recommended for first or priority subscription by the Dental Section of the Medical Library Association. Specific topics covered recently have included: ? distraction osteogenesis ? synthetic bone substitutes ? fibroblast growth factors ? fetal wound healing ? skull base surgery ? computer-assisted surgery ? vascularized bone grafts Benefits to authorsWe also provide many author benefits, such as free PDFs, a liberal copyright policy, special discounts on Elsevier publications and much more. Please click here for more information on our author services.