{"title":"Spatially resolved system-level calibration for high-fidelity complex-amplitude modulation using a phase-only spatial light modulator.","authors":"Hwihyeong Lee, Hee Kyung Ahn","doi":"10.1364/OE.611631","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate a spatially resolved system-level calibration method for high-fidelity complex-amplitude modulation using sequential modulation on a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). The spatially varying intensity response of the first SLM region was measured and locally fitted to determine the gray-level pattern required to reproduce a target intensity. The phase distribution was also measured using off-axis interferometry and compensated by the second SLM region. The method therefore compensates for the nonuniform incident-beam profile, the spatially varying nonlinear SLM response, and optical-system alignment errors. Once calibrated, the system can reconstruct various target complex fields without additional calibration. Experimental reconstructions of a diverse range of patterns, including structured beam modes, consistently demonstrated high complex-field fidelity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 20","pages":"38224-38239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics express","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.611631","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We demonstrate a spatially resolved system-level calibration method for high-fidelity complex-amplitude modulation using sequential modulation on a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). The spatially varying intensity response of the first SLM region was measured and locally fitted to determine the gray-level pattern required to reproduce a target intensity. The phase distribution was also measured using off-axis interferometry and compensated by the second SLM region. The method therefore compensates for the nonuniform incident-beam profile, the spatially varying nonlinear SLM response, and optical-system alignment errors. Once calibrated, the system can reconstruct various target complex fields without additional calibration. Experimental reconstructions of a diverse range of patterns, including structured beam modes, consistently demonstrated high complex-field fidelity.
期刊介绍：
Optics Express is the all-electronic, open access journal for optics providing rapid publication for peer-reviewed articles that emphasize scientific and technology innovations in all aspects of optics and photonics.
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