{"title":"Sub-shot-noise infrared gas concentration sensing via coincidence detection of quantum-correlated photons.","authors":"Xin He, Xiao-Min Hu, Ke Wang, Jia-Le Miao, Zhu-Cheng Zhang, Yong-Ze Shi, Yan-Rui Xu, Hao-Bing Zhao, Yun-Sheng Dong, Wen-Qing Liu, Bi-Heng Liu, You-Wen Sun","doi":"10.1364/OL.610580","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infrared absorption sensing is a widely adopted technique for gas concentration sensing in environmental monitoring, industrial inspection, and safety applications. However, the precision of concentration estimation based on classical optical probes is fundamentally limited by shot noise. Here, we demonstrate a gas concentration sensing approach using quantum-correlated photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Acetylene is employed as a benchmark analyte to characterize the concentration-transmittance relationship and to evaluate sensing precision over its explosive concentration range. Compared with an ideal coherent-state probe having the same mean photon number, the quantum protocol achieves sub-shot-noise performance in concentration estimation. Our results establish a practical framework for applying quantum-correlated light to high-precision gas concentration sensing and open new opportunities for quantum infrared gas sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5401-5404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.610580","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Infrared absorption sensing is a widely adopted technique for gas concentration sensing in environmental monitoring, industrial inspection, and safety applications. However, the precision of concentration estimation based on classical optical probes is fundamentally limited by shot noise. Here, we demonstrate a gas concentration sensing approach using quantum-correlated photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Acetylene is employed as a benchmark analyte to characterize the concentration-transmittance relationship and to evaluate sensing precision over its explosive concentration range. Compared with an ideal coherent-state probe having the same mean photon number, the quantum protocol achieves sub-shot-noise performance in concentration estimation. Our results establish a practical framework for applying quantum-correlated light to high-precision gas concentration sensing and open new opportunities for quantum infrared gas sensing.
期刊介绍：
The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community.
Optics Letters offers rapid dissemination of new results in all areas of optics with short, original, peer-reviewed communications. Optics Letters covers the latest research in optical science, including optical measurements, optical components and devices, atmospheric optics, biomedical optics, Fourier optics, integrated optics, optical processing, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, optical storage and holography, optical coherence, polarization, quantum electronics, ultrafast optical phenomena, photonic crystals, and fiber optics. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the optics community and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published twice each month, is where readers look for the latest discoveries in optics.
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