Copper nanomaterial antimicrobial coatings: ion release, transparency, and wash durability across biomedical, textile, and packaging applications.

IF 5.3 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Chemistry Pub Date : 2026-09-16 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fchem.2026.1949389

Nurhidayatul Warda Muhamad Shuhaimi, Jei Vincent, Kam Sheng Lau, Siew Xian Chin, Shahariar Chowdhury, Theerakamol Pengsakul, Chin Hua Chia

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Healthcare-associated infections remain a major burden on health systems, with 8.9 million episodes estimated annually across EU/EEA hospitals and long-term care facilities and approximately 518,000 in US acute care hospitals in 2023, driving demand for persistent antimicrobial surface coatings. Copper nanomaterials (CuNMs) offer multi-mechanism bactericidal and virucidal activity, including membrane disruption, reactive oxygen species generation, and photothermal hyperthermia, at an approximately 150-fold lower feedstock cost than silver, yet commercial deployment remains limited. This review synthesises 498 Scopus-indexed articles (2015-2026) on CuNM antimicrobial coatings to identify the structural barrier to translation. A critical trilemma emerges: no published system simultaneously achieves optical transmittance >80% at 550 nm, ≥2-log bacterial reduction, and durability over ≥50 home launderings or ≥3 months continuous efficacy. The five principal CuNM forms, Cu⁰, Cu₂O, CuO, CuS, and Cu-MOFs, occupy distinct niches in the efficacy-transparency-stability design space. Copper sulfide nanoparticles and sub-0.5 wt% Cu-MOFs are the most promising candidates for transparent applications. Polydopamine anchoring establishes a wash-durability benchmark of 40 laundering cycles at 90% efficacy retention. Stimulus-responsive pH- and NIR-triggered release systems extend functional lifetime while limiting cytotoxic overexposure. An 8-parameter Minimum Reporting Standard is proposed to resolve heterogeneous reporting that currently impedes cross-study comparison, regulatory assessment, and commercial investment.

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铜纳米材料抗菌涂层：离子释放，透明度和洗涤耐久性跨生物医学，纺织和包装应用。

医疗保健相关感染仍然是卫生系统的主要负担，据估计，欧盟/欧洲经济区医院和长期护理机构每年发生890万例感染，到2023年，美国急症护理医院每年发生约51.8万例感染，这推动了对持久性抗菌表面涂层的需求。铜纳米材料（cunm）具有多种机制的杀菌和病毒活性，包括膜破坏、活性氧生成和光热热疗，其原料成本比银低约150倍，但商业应用仍然有限。本综述综合了498篇scopus检索的关于CuNM抗菌涂层的文章（2015-2026），以确定翻译的结构性障碍。一个关键的三难困境出现了：没有一种已发表的系统能同时实现550 nm时的光学透过率bbb80 %，细菌减少≥2-log，耐久性≥50次家庭洗涤或≥3个月的持续功效。Cu0、Cu2O、CuO、cu和cu - mof这五种主要的CuNM形式在效率-透明度-稳定性设计空间中占据了不同的位置。硫化铜纳米颗粒和低于0.5 wt%的cu - mof是最有希望用于透明应用的候选材料。聚多巴胺锚定建立了40次洗涤循环的洗涤耐久性基准，效率保持在90%。刺激反应的pH和nir触发释放系统延长功能寿命，同时限制细胞毒性过度暴露。提出了一个8参数最低报告标准，以解决目前阻碍交叉研究比较、监管评估和商业投资的异构报告。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Chemistry Chemistry-General Chemistry

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

3.60%

发文量

1540

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Chemistry is a high visiblity and quality journal, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the chemical sciences. Field Chief Editor Steve Suib at the University of Connecticut is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to academics, industry leaders and the public worldwide. Chemistry is a branch of science that is linked to all other main fields of research. The omnipresence of Chemistry is apparent in our everyday lives from the electronic devices that we all use to communicate, to foods we eat, to our health and well-being, to the different forms of energy that we use. While there are many subtopics and specialties of Chemistry, the fundamental link in all these areas is how atoms, ions, and molecules come together and come apart in what some have come to call the “dance of life”. All specialty sections of Frontiers in Chemistry are open-access with the goal of publishing outstanding research publications, review articles, commentaries, and ideas about various aspects of Chemistry. The past forms of publication often have specific subdisciplines, most commonly of analytical, inorganic, organic and physical chemistries, but these days those lines and boxes are quite blurry and the silos of those disciplines appear to be eroding. Chemistry is important to both fundamental and applied areas of research and manufacturing, and indeed the outlines of academic versus industrial research are also often artificial. Collaborative research across all specialty areas of Chemistry is highly encouraged and supported as we move forward. These are exciting times and the field of Chemistry is an important and significant contributor to our collective knowledge.