Global Research Trends in Surgical Management of Facial Paralysis: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Abstract

Introduction: The surgical treatment strategies of facial paralysis are diversified, and the existing research lacks systematic integration of global research trends and core hotspots.

Objectives and hypotheses: The purpose of this study is to sort out the research status, hotspots, and development trends of surgical treatment of facial paralysis worldwide from 2015 to 2025 through bibliometric analysis, so as to provide reference for future research.

Study design: This is a bibliometric analysis.

Methods: Literatures related to the surgical treatment of facial paralysis were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, and bibliometric analysis was performed using CiteSpace software.

Results: A total of 240 publications were included. The annual publication output showed a steady increase. China, the United States, and Italy were the leading contributing countries. The most prolific institutions included Harvard Medical School, the University of Milan, and the University of Toronto. Keywords and cluster analysis showed that the research hotspots focused on facial nerve decompression, nerve transfer, functional free muscle transplantation, selective neurotomy, and facial dynamic reconstruction. Emerging trends include dual innervation techniques, neurovascular free flaps, and the integration of electromyographic feedback and artificial intelligence in surgical planning.

Conclusion: The surgical treatment of facial paralysis is an area of continuous dynamic development, with increasing emphasis on functional recovery and individualized treatment strategies. Strengthening international cooperation and multidisciplinary integration is crucial for future progress. The results of this study can serve as a reference for future research directions and clinical practice.