Intangible capital in France and Germany: is there a measurement issue?

Alberto Nonnis, Felix Roth, Ahmed Bounfour
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Abstract

In this article, we highlight important differences in capital investment and capital stock in intangible assets between France and Germany, which we attribute to potential measurement issues between the two countries. Using data from the latest 2025 EUKLEMS/INTANProd release for the period 1995 to 2021, we identify investment in software and databases, along with investment in organizational capital, as key drivers of these differences. Investment in software appears to be three times higher in France than in Germany, while organizational capital is about two and a half times larger in France. Given the comparable economic growth patterns of these two countries in recent decades, we believe these measurement discrepancies could have significant implications for understanding both past growth trends and prospects for future growth.

法国和德国的无形资本:是否存在计量问题?
在本文中,我们强调了法国和德国在无形资产的资本投资和资本存量方面的重要差异,我们将其归因于两国之间潜在的计量问题。使用最新的2025年EUKLEMS/INTANProd发布的1995年至2021年的数据,我们确定对软件和数据库的投资以及对组织资本的投资是这些差异的关键驱动因素。法国在软件方面的投资似乎是德国的三倍,而法国的组织资本大约是德国的2.5倍。鉴于这两个国家近几十年来的经济增长模式具有可比性,我们认为这些测量差异可能对理解过去的增长趋势和未来增长前景具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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