Morphology-dependent charge transport in P3HT: PC₇₀BM bulk heterojunctions with a hybrid electron transport layer for indoor photovoltaics

IF 3 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI:10.1007/s00339-026-10300-2

Shawbo Abdulsamad Abubaker, Sameen Aslam, Saleh K. Alsaee, Suleman Kazim Omotayo, Ahlaam T. Nomaan, Suvindraj Rajamanickam, Mohammed Kakasur Omar, Mohd Zamir Pakhuruddin

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Abstract

Bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics (BHJ-OPVs) have attracted significant attention as sustainable power sources for low-energy electronic devices due to their lightweight structure, mechanical flexibility, and efficient operation under indoor illumination. Indoor organic photovoltaics (IOPVs) offer a promising approach for powering Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices by harvesting ambient artificial light and reducing reliance on disposable batteries. In this work, the influence of the donor–acceptor composition on the morphology and photovoltaic performance is systematically investigated in OPV devices with the architecture glass/FTO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PC₇₀BM/ZnO NPs:Alq3/Ag. Optical and electrical analyses demonstrate that a balanced 1:1 donor–acceptor ratio improves nanoscale phase separation and charge transport, thereby enhancing device performance. The optimized devices achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency of 6.32% and an output power of 0.15 mW under white LED illumination (3000 K, 400 lx), while maintaining reproducible photovoltaic operation across a wide range of indoor illumination intensities. Although P3HT:PC₇₀BM does not deliver record efficiencies under standard solar illumination, its reproducibility and compatibility with easy and low-cost fabrication make it well suited for indoor energy harvesting, providing a practical strategy for self-powered sensors and low-power electronic systems.

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具有混合电子传输层的P3HT: PC₇0 BM体异质结中形态相关的电荷传输用于室内光伏

体异质结有机光伏（bhj - opv）由于其结构轻、机械灵活、在室内光照下高效工作等优点，作为低能耗电子器件的可持续电源受到了广泛关注。室内有机光伏（iopv）通过收集环境人造光和减少对一次性电池的依赖，为物联网（IoT）设备供电提供了一种很有前途的方法。本文系统研究了玻璃/FTO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PC70BM/ZnO NPs:Alq3/Ag结构的OPV器件中，供体-受体组成对器件形貌和光伏性能的影响。光学和电学分析表明，1:1的平衡供体-受体比例可以改善纳米级相分离和电荷传输，从而提高器件性能。优化后的器件在白光LED照明（3000 K, 400 lx）下的最大功率转换效率为6.32%，输出功率为0.15 mW，同时在大范围的室内照明强度下保持可重复的光伏运行。尽管P3HT:PC70BM在标准太阳能照明下没有达到创纪录的效率，但其可重复性和兼容性与简单和低成本的制造使其非常适合室内能量收集，为自供电传感器和低功耗电子系统提供了实用的策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Physics A 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

7.40%

发文量

964

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Applied Physics A publishes experimental and theoretical investigations in applied physics as regular articles, rapid communications, and invited papers. The distinguished 30-member Board of Editors reflects the interdisciplinary approach of the journal and ensures the highest quality of peer review.