Utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-US) in the diagnosis of COVID-19 related arthritis

Abstract

Since the emergence of COVID-19 in December 2019, a wide array of musculoskeletal and rheumatic manifestations has been observed in affected patients, with inflammatory arthritis emerging as a notable complication. This article explores the radiographic and musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-US) findings in COVID-19-related arthritis, which often resembles seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. A literature review was conducted to identify studies on post-viral inflammatory arthritis, particularly COVID-19-related cases and their distinction from seronegative RA. The role of imaging, particularly musculoskeletal ultrasound, is emphasized as an effective diagnostic tool for assessing inflammation, joint effusions, and enthesopathy in COVID-19-related arthritis. Studies have shown that musculoskeletal ultrasound can help distinguish COVID-19-related arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis by detecting synovitis and the absence of erosions. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic criteria and improve treatment approaches for patients with persistent arthritis following SARS-CoV-2 infection.