A Design Strategy for Next-Generation Low-Dielectric Polyimide Materials: Regulating Aggregated Structures via Flexible Biphenyl Side Chains

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Chemistry of Materials Pub Date : 2026-10-06 DOI:10.1021/acs.chemmater.6c02357

Shi Liu,Mingyang Li,Hongxiang Li,Linman Li,Miao Wang,Xutao Zhang,Pengjian Gong,Rui Shi,Hujun Qian,Jiayu Wang,Pei Cheng,Jiaqiang Qin

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Abstract

Abstract The advancement of 5G and 6G communication technologies has introduced stringent requirements for the dielectric properties of the base materials employed in communication devices. Materials exhibiting a low dielectric constant (Dk) and low dielectric loss (Df) are particularly beneficial for signal transmission, as they reduce signal loss and latency. Modulating the molecular structure represents an effective approach to tailoring the dielectric characteristics of polymers. In this study, to concurrently decrease the Dk and Df values of polyimide (PI), we incorporate side chains comprising flexibly linked biphenyl liquid crystal (LC) units. These side chains increase the interchain spacing, thereby enhancing the free volume and reducing PI density, which contribute to lowering Dk. Concurrently, the flexible biphenyl LC moieties spontaneously organize into ordered stacks, promoting the ordered packing of the main polymer chains and effectively diminishing the Df. A series of PI films were synthesized to investigate the influence of side chains on the dielectric behavior. At a frequency of 17.4 GHz, the BPDA/6MPD film demonstrated a Dk value of 2.73 and a Df value of 0.0040, in contrast to values of 3.36 and 0.0318, respectively, for the BPDA/PDA film lacking side chains. This simultaneous reduction in dielectric parameters was further corroborated in the homopolymers. TAHQ/6MPD exhibited a Dk value of 2.79 and a Df value of 0.0029, while 6FDA/6MPD achieved values of 2.42 and 0.0036, respectively. The presented molecular design strategy thus offers a promising pathway for the development of high-performance, low-dielectric materials suitable for high-frequency-communication applications.

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新一代低介电性聚酰亚胺材料的设计策略：通过柔性联苯侧链调节聚合结构

5G和6G通信技术的发展对通信器件基材的介电性能提出了严格的要求。具有低介电常数（Dk）和低介电损耗（Df）的材料对信号传输特别有利，因为它们减少了信号损耗和延迟。调制分子结构是调整聚合物介电特性的有效方法。在本研究中，为了同时降低聚酰亚胺（PI）的Dk和Df值，我们加入了包含柔性连接联苯液晶（LC）单元的侧链。这些侧链增加了链间间距，从而增加了自由体积，降低了PI密度，从而有助于降低Dk。同时，柔性联苯LC部分自发组织成有序堆叠，促进了主聚合物链的有序排列，有效地减少了Df。合成了一系列的PI薄膜，研究了侧链对介电性能的影响。在17.4 GHz频率下，BPDA/6MPD薄膜的Dk值为2.73，Df值为0.0040，而缺乏侧链的BPDA/PDA薄膜的Dk值为3.36，Df值为0.0318。在均聚物中进一步证实了介电参数的同时降低。TAHQ/6MPD的Dk值为2.79，Df值为0.0029,6FDA/6MPD的Dk值为2.42，Df值为0.0036。因此，所提出的分子设计策略为开发适用于高频通信应用的高性能、低介电材料提供了一条有前途的途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chemistry of Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

5.80%

发文量

929

审稿时长

1.5 months

期刊介绍： The journal Chemistry of Materials focuses on publishing original research at the intersection of materials science and chemistry. The studies published in the journal involve chemistry as a prominent component and explore topics such as the design, synthesis, characterization, processing, understanding, and application of functional or potentially functional materials. The journal covers various areas of interest, including inorganic and organic solid-state chemistry, nanomaterials, biomaterials, thin films and polymers, and composite/hybrid materials. The journal particularly seeks papers that highlight the creation or development of innovative materials with novel optical, electrical, magnetic, catalytic, or mechanical properties. It is essential that manuscripts on these topics have a primary focus on the chemistry of materials and represent a significant advancement compared to prior research. Before external reviews are sought, submitted manuscripts undergo a review process by a minimum of two editors to ensure their appropriateness for the journal and the presence of sufficient evidence of a significant advance that will be of broad interest to the materials chemistry community.