Being a Partner or a Mother: Breastfeeding Mothers’ Perceptions and Experiences of Breast Milk and Sexuality in the Postpartum Period

Abstract

Abstract This study aimed to explore breastfeeding mothers’ perceptions and experiences related to breast milk and sexuality between the third and sixth months postpartum. A descriptive qualitative design was employed. The sample consisted of 10 mothers, including primiparous ( n  = 4) and multiparous ( n  = 6) women, with a mean age of 29 years. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: avoidance of sexuality, maintaining sexuality as a responsibility, and coping with the effects of breastfeeding on sexuality. Six subthemes were identified within these main themes: physical changes in sexual dynamics; psychological changes in sexual dynamics; religious, social, and cultural influences on sexuality; fulfillment of the female role; changing perceptions of breasts; and various coping strategies. The findings suggest that breastfeeding and postpartum physiological and sociocultural factors shape mothers’ sexual experiences, with sexuality often being perceived as inappropriate during this period due to cultural and religious norms, while participants’ perceptions related to breast milk also contribute to these experiences. Mothers attempt to balance breastfeeding with maintaining their sexual relationships, which frequently leads to emotional distress. It is recommended that healthcare professionals address breastfeeding, breast milk, and sexuality within breastfeeding education programs and provide individualized, culturally sensitive guidance for couples.