[Insights into the occurrence and heterogeneity of gastric cancer from the perspective of clinical data integration].

Abstract

From the perspective of clinical data integration, the authors systematically review recent advances in gastric cancer researches that integrate multi-omics technologies with clinical data. Gastric cancer is characterized by high incidence, high mortality, and significant heterogeneity, and this review analyzes the molecular classification system of gastric cancer and its driver genes by integrating multi-omics information-including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics-with clinical data, and further explores the mechanisms of interaction between cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. On this basis, this review summarizes the clinical and molecular correlation patterns of different gastric cancer subtypes and constructs a comprehensive research framework that integrates clinical data, multi-omics networks, and the tumor microenvironment, thereby linking the mechanisms that drive the entire course of cancer progression from precancerous lesions to tumor advancement. This framework provides systematic theoretical support and a translational pathway for early prevention, screening, and precision diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, and contributes to the advancement of precision medicine in gastric cancer management.