Silicon-Deposited Porous Carbon Anodes: A Design Paradigm for Next-Generation High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries

IF 9.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-09-28 DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.6c03725

Guifang Zeng, Jing Li, Hamid Mollania, Karol Viviana Mejia-Centeno, Malik Dilshad Khan, Yanhong Tian, Andreu Cabot, Qing Sun

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Abstract

Silicon is a promising anode for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its exceptionally high theoretical capacity, yet severe volume expansion and interfacial instability hinder practical application. Silicon-deposited porous carbon (SiDPC), which spatially confines nanosized silicon within porous carbon frameworks, offers a distinct structural paradigm beyond conventional mechanically blended Si–C composites. This mini-review summarizes the evolution and engineering principles of SiDPC architectures, highlighting how structural regulation governs electrochemical performance. Particular attention is given to the synergistic management of volume expansion, stress evolution, electron/Li⁺ transport, and solid electrolyte interphase formation, through which SiDPC has evolved from passive buffering to active structural regulation. Remaining challenges in scalable synthesis, electrode engineering, and practical application are discussed, alongside opportunities for programmable Si–C architectures enabled by intelligent structural design. This review provides mechanistic insights and design guidelines for advancing SiDPC toward practical high-energy-density silicon anodes for LIBs.

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硅沉积多孔碳阳极：下一代高能量密度锂离子电池的设计范例。

由于其极高的理论容量，硅是高能量密度锂离子电池（LIBs）极具前景的阳极，但严重的体积膨胀和界面不稳定性阻碍了其实际应用。硅沉积多孔碳（SiDPC）将纳米级硅空间限制在多孔碳框架内，提供了一种独特的结构范式，超越了传统的机械混合Si-C复合材料。这篇综述总结了SiDPC结构的演变和工程原理，强调了结构调节如何影响电化学性能。特别关注体积膨胀、应力演化、电子/Li+输运和固体电解质间相形成的协同管理，通过这些协同管理，SiDPC从被动缓冲演变为主动结构调节。讨论了可扩展合成、电极工程和实际应用方面的剩余挑战，以及通过智能结构设计实现可编程Si-C架构的机会。这篇综述为推进SiDPC向实际的高能密度锂离子电池硅阳极发展提供了机理见解和设计指南。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nano Letters 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

16.80

自引率

2.80%

发文量

1182

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Nano Letters serves as a dynamic platform for promptly disseminating original results in fundamental, applied, and emerging research across all facets of nanoscience and nanotechnology. A pivotal criterion for inclusion within Nano Letters is the convergence of at least two different areas or disciplines, ensuring a rich interdisciplinary scope. The journal is dedicated to fostering exploration in diverse areas, including: - Experimental and theoretical findings on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena at the nanoscale - Synthesis, characterization, and processing of organic, inorganic, polymer, and hybrid nanomaterials through physical, chemical, and biological methodologies - Modeling and simulation of synthetic, assembly, and interaction processes - Realization of integrated nanostructures and nano-engineered devices exhibiting advanced performance - Applications of nanoscale materials in living and environmental systems Nano Letters is committed to advancing and showcasing groundbreaking research that intersects various domains, fostering innovation and collaboration in the ever-evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.