Multifunctional features of sol–gel derived terbium substituted calcium-based M-type hexaferrites

IF 9.6 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Rare Earths Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI:10.1016/j.jre.2026.01.028

Muhammad Ijaz, Hafeez Ullah

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Currently, we prepared M-type Ca_0.6La_0.4Fe_12–xTb_xO₁₉ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) hexaferrites nanoparticles through sol–gel route. Then, the impact of the cationic replacements on Ca_0.6La_0.4Fe_12–xTb_xO₁₉ hexaferrites was examined. The prepared samples were then subjected to a variety of characterization procedures, including a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–vis spectroscopy. An XRD investigation indicates that Fe₂O₃ phases are present in all of the prepared samples. UV–vis spectroscopy investigation indicates the decreasing order in band gap with doping level. The refined-lattice parameters a as well as c both show increasing tendency primarily for doping level of x = 0.6 and afterward they starts diminishing order. Dissipation factor, dielectric-loss along with dielectric-constant rises with increasing doping content. The results indicate that M_r/M_s values stay between 0.567 and 0.575. Coercivity (H_c) and magneto-crystalline anisotropy-field (H_a) are first improved up to a doping content of x = 0.6, after which they decline. As the Tb doping level increases, the average crystallite size (D) increases steadily amongst 40.994 and 45.052 nm. M-type Ca_0.6La_0.4Fe_11.4Tb_0.6O₁₉ hexaferrites were synthesized with a doping concentration of x = 0.6. They have outstanding magnetic properties, with m_B = 8.091 μ_B, M_s = 42.954 emu/g, H_c = 3.156 kOe, and H_a = 0.986 kOe. The results indicate that the magnetic features of M-type hexagonal-ferrite can be considerably enhanced via altering the cationic substitutions. This doping impact on magnetic characteristics of hexaferrites marks them valuable in various applications, for example magnetic-filters, high performance-self biased-circulators and recording media.

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溶胶-凝胶衍生铽取代钙基m型六铁体的多功能特性

目前，我们通过溶胶-凝胶途径制备了m型Ca0.6La0.4Fe12-xTbxO19（0.0≤x≤0.8）六铁体纳米颗粒。然后，考察了阳离子置换对Ca0.6La0.4Fe12-xTbxO19六铁体的影响。然后对制备的样品进行各种表征程序，包括振动样品磁强计（VSM），傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR），扫描电子显微镜（SEM）， x射线衍射（XRD）和紫外可见光谱。XRD分析表明，在所制备的样品中均存在Fe2O3相。紫外可见光谱研究表明，禁带宽度随掺杂水平的增加而减小。细化晶格参数a和c在掺杂水平为x = 0.6时均呈增加趋势，之后开始递减。随着掺杂量的增加，耗散系数和介电损耗随介电常数的增加而增大。结果表明，Mr/Ms值在0.567 ~ 0.575之间。当掺杂量为x = 0.6时，矫顽力（Hc）和磁晶各向异性场（Ha）首先得到改善，之后下降。随着Tb掺杂量的增加，平均晶粒尺寸(D)在40.994 ~ 45.052 nm之间稳步增大。在掺杂浓度为x = 0.6的条件下，合成了m型Ca0.6La0.4Fe11.4Tb0.6O19六铁体。它们具有优异的磁性能，mB = 8.091 μB, Ms = 42.954 emu/g, Hc = 3.156 kOe, Ha = 0.986 kOe。结果表明，改变阳离子取代可以显著增强m型六方铁氧体的磁性。这种掺杂对六铁氧体磁性特性的影响标志着它们在各种应用中的价值，例如磁滤波器，高性能自偏置环行器和记录介质。

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来源期刊

Journal of Rare Earths 化学-应用化学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

14.30%

发文量

374

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Rare Earths reports studies on the 17 rare earth elements. It is a unique English-language learned journal that publishes works on various aspects of basic theory and applied science in the field of rare earths (RE). The journal accepts original high-quality original research papers and review articles with inventive content, and complete experimental data. It represents high academic standards and new progress in the RE field. Due to the advantage of abundant RE resources of China, the research on RE develops very actively, and papers on the latest progress in this field emerge every year. It is not only an important resource in which technicians publish and obtain their latest research results on RE, but also an important way of reflecting the updated progress in RE research field. The Journal of Rare Earths covers all research and application of RE rare earths including spectroscopy, luminescence and phosphors, rare earth catalysis, magnetism and magnetic materials, advanced rare earth materials, RE chemistry & hydrometallurgy, RE metallography & pyrometallurgy, RE new materials, RE solid state physics & solid state chemistry, rare earth applications, RE analysis & test, RE geology & ore dressing, etc.