Gadolinium adsorption in engineered and natural adsorbent systems: A critical analysis of influence of factors, isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic implications

IF 9.6 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Rare Earths Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jre.2025.11.013

Amirhossein Sadeghi, Hossein Sid Kalal, Sohrab Ali Ghorbanian, Simin Janitabardarzi, Ali Mahvashian

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

During the last two to three decades, attention has been drawn to the issues related to the removal and recovery of gadolinium (Gd), as it is now clear that its importance in industry is very high. In this review, various adsorbents such as commercial and synthetic materials, nanoparticles, nanocomposites and the like for the removal and recovery of Gd are collected. The effect of various process factors, such as pH, temperature, contact time, adsorbent dosage, companion ions, adsorption kinetics, as well as adsorption isotherms and adsorption thermodynamics, has been evaluated. Analysis of statistical data shows that 70% of researchers identified the optimal pH values in the range of 5–7 and 60% identified the optimal adsorbent dosage values between 0 and 2 g/L. Also, 80% of the studies evaluated the temperature at 298 K. In most of the studies conducted, the isotherm and kinetics of adsorption show the best agreement with the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively, although the adsorption process is thermodynamically favorable. At the same time, for evaluating the efficiency of Gd adsorption by adsorbents, the most attention should be paid to the recovery and regeneration of the adsorbents in the desorption process.

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钆在工程和天然吸附剂系统中的吸附：对影响因素、等温线、动力学和热力学含义的关键分析

在过去的二三十年中，人们已经注意到与钆（Gd）的去除和回收有关的问题，因为现在很清楚它在工业中的重要性非常高。本文综述了用于脱除和回收Gd的各种吸附剂，如工业和合成材料、纳米颗粒、纳米复合材料等。考察了pH、温度、接触时间、吸附剂用量、伴生离子、吸附动力学、吸附等温线和吸附热力学等工艺因素的影响。统计数据分析表明，70%的研究人员认为最佳pH值在5-7范围内，60%的研究人员认为最佳吸附剂用量在0 - 2g /L之间。此外，80%的研究评估温度为298 K。在大多数研究中，吸附的等温线和动力学分别与Langmuir模型和伪二阶模型最吻合，尽管吸附过程在热力学上是有利的。同时，评价吸附剂对Gd的吸附效率，最应关注的是解吸过程中吸附剂的回收再生。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Rare Earths 化学-应用化学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

14.30%

发文量

374

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Rare Earths reports studies on the 17 rare earth elements. It is a unique English-language learned journal that publishes works on various aspects of basic theory and applied science in the field of rare earths (RE). The journal accepts original high-quality original research papers and review articles with inventive content, and complete experimental data. It represents high academic standards and new progress in the RE field. Due to the advantage of abundant RE resources of China, the research on RE develops very actively, and papers on the latest progress in this field emerge every year. It is not only an important resource in which technicians publish and obtain their latest research results on RE, but also an important way of reflecting the updated progress in RE research field. The Journal of Rare Earths covers all research and application of RE rare earths including spectroscopy, luminescence and phosphors, rare earth catalysis, magnetism and magnetic materials, advanced rare earth materials, RE chemistry & hydrometallurgy, RE metallography & pyrometallurgy, RE new materials, RE solid state physics & solid state chemistry, rare earth applications, RE analysis & test, RE geology & ore dressing, etc.