Engineering polyindole/BaTiO3 nanocomposites with enhanced structural, optical, dielectric, electrical, and antibacterial properties

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.07.220

Fathima Afra Kuruniyan, M. Lahan, M.T. Ramesan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Polyindole (PIN)-based nanocomposites have sparked widespread interest in multifunctional electronic and dielectric applications; however, enhancing their electrical, dielectric, and thermal characteristics while maintaining structural stability remains a problem. In this study, polyindole (PIN)/barium titanate (BaTiO₃) nanocomposites containing various BaTiO₃ loadings were synthesised via in-situ oxidative polymerisation and to study the influence of ceramic nanofillers on their structural, thermal, dielectric, conductivity, and antibacterial properties. The integration of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles into the PIN matrix significantly changed the molecular interactions and interfacial properties of the polymer system. The effective integration and uniform dispersion of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles within the PIN matrix were verified by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, and XPS studies. The direct and indirect optical bandgaps decreased from 3.028 to 2.872 eV and 2.956 to 2.841 eV, respectively, at 5 wt% BaTiO₃ loading. Thermal analysis revealed enhanced thermal stability and an increase in glass transition temperature due to enhanced polymer–ceramic interfacial interactions. Dielectric studies showed that the 5 wt% BaTiO₃ nanocomposite exhibited the highest dielectric constant and enhanced AC conductivity, which are attributed to effective interfacial polarization and uniform nanoparticle dispersion. These nanocomposites also showed slight enhancement in antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli compared with pristine PIN. The incorporation of BaTiO₃ significantly enhances the optical, thermal, antibacterial, electrical, and dielectric properties of PIN, demonstrating the benefits of the ceramic filler in improving the overall performance of the nanocomposites.

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工程聚吲哚/BaTiO3纳米复合材料具有增强的结构、光学、介电、电学和抗菌性能

聚吲哚（PIN）基纳米复合材料在多功能电子和介电应用方面引起了广泛的兴趣；然而，如何在保持结构稳定性的同时提高其电学、介电和热特性仍然是一个问题。在本研究中，通过原位氧化聚合合成了含有不同BaTiO3负载的聚吲哚(PIN)/钛酸钡（BaTiO3）纳米复合材料，并研究了陶瓷纳米填料对其结构、热、介电、电导率和抗菌性能的影响。将BaTiO3纳米颗粒整合到PIN基质中，显著改变了聚合物体系的分子相互作用和界面性质。通过FT-IR、XRD、FE-SEM、HR-TEM和XPS等研究手段验证了BaTiO3纳米颗粒在PIN基体内的有效整合和均匀分散。当BaTiO3重量为5 wt%时，直接带隙和间接带隙分别从3.028 ~ 2.872 eV和2.956 ~ 2.841 eV减小。热分析表明，由于聚合物-陶瓷界面相互作用增强，热稳定性增强，玻璃化转变温度增加。电介质研究表明，5 wt% BaTiO3纳米复合材料具有最高的介电常数和增强的交流电导率，这主要归功于有效的界面极化和均匀的纳米颗粒分散。与原始PIN相比，这些纳米复合材料对大肠杆菌的抗菌活性也略有增强。BaTiO3的加入显著提高了PIN的光学、热、抗菌、电学和介电性能，证明了陶瓷填料在提高纳米复合材料整体性能方面的优势。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.